without liberty first obtained from the public authorities, neither was it lawful

to alienate the same.

This took place on the 16th of Jan. 1660.

In the month of October of this year it came to the ears of the Fiscal, that an individual had done amiss in the village, from which evil consequences were likely to flow.

To punish evil doers, frighten

the vicious, and produce tranquility for the good, the Fiscal sent to the Village half a dozen shackels

with an iron rod and a good lock-

Oderunt peccare Mali formidine poena?. Oderunt peccare Boni Virtutis amore. In this year 1660, the Fiscal, John Van Cleef and his friend, bought of Jacob Wolfertse Van Couwenhoven, for the use of the inhabitants of the town of Utrecht, a Horse Mill with the appurtenances which had been used for grinding in Amsterdam on the Manhattans. The mill stones and the

The friend of Jan Van Cleef, without the knowledge of the Fiscal, sold out his third part to said Jan Van Cleef, the Fiscal being security for both of them, and having paid out already more than 400 guilders ($160) on account of the mill. The Fiscal seeing that Jan Van Cleef did not prosper, and that the last day of payment was near at hand, threatened to prosecute and compel him to act justly. On this Jan Van Cleef sought a buyer to sell the mill to, at the same time the people desired the Fiscal to buy the mill, but he refused, neither would he sell his third part, having in view the benefit of the Town and the convenience of the In consequence of this Jan Van Cleef was under the necessity of selling his two thirds inhabitants. to Albert Albertse, and the mill remained in the town of Utrecht, the Fiscal remaining unwilling to mill work were brought and set up in the Village of Utrecht.