interspersed ; soil gravelly, clay and sandy loam. The natural growth of wood is of various kinds, as oak, chestnut, hickory ash. maple, walnut, elm and v/hitewood, <fcc. The Chappequa Isills in this town are worthy of particular notice. They begin near the great hill known by the name of the Buttermilk Mountain, and extend north easterly four miles, terminating northward in the Kisco Mountain. These hills are very stony and rocky in general, but afford vast quantities of excellent timber. At the foot of the Kisco Mountain is situated the Westchester and Harlem railroad depot. New Castle is exceedingly well watered by rivers, rivulets, and springs. The Saw Mill River (Nepera) takes its rise from two springs near the centre of the town, one of them situated on the land of Job Collins, the other on the property of Willett Kipps. The Bronx River (Aquehung) has its source in the Dark Valley of this town. The Mill River (Pocanteco) rises on the lands of Isaac Lownsberry,

There are tvvo or three large ponds, which supply valuable mill seats. Kirby's Pond receives its waters from Simmons's Pond, vv^hile its outlet passes into the Pepemighting, or Kisco. Wampus Pond is situated on the boundary line between New and North Castle. This pond covers about fifty acres, and empties into the Byram (Armonck) River, Fish were never caught here until within a few years, when pike were put therein, which have multiplied exceedingly.* Upon the west side of Wampus Pond rises Prospect Hill, the property of Mr. Caleb Quinby.b It is impossible to describe the variegated prospect that meets the eye from its summit ; a more extensive view is not to be had in the town. Near this hill an iron mine was opened seventy-four years ago, but, the war commencing, put a stop to the project, which has never since been resumed.