PETEK ST U Y \-ES A N J .

further troubles with the Indians up the Hudson. The internal affairs of his government were very jarring. Jealousies and disputes were frequent. He was stern in his assertion of authority, but that authority was but poorly respected. To add to his difficultie-', lie was very insufficiently supported by the college of the company in Amsterdam. The unfortunate organization of the companj' became more and more apparent. New Netherland was a financial burden. When, therefore, in 1664, in utter disregard of the rights and authority of the Dutch, the King of England gave to his brother, the Duke of York and Albany, the territory between the Connecticut and Delaware Rivers, and Richard Nichols, as lieutenant-governor, with a fleet of four ships and four hundred men, appeared before New Amsterdam, the colony was ripe for a change, and, despite

the earnest i^rotests of Stuyvesant, quietly surrendered, and the Dutch authority ceased. It was restored, for a short period only, in 1673.

Although the English now ruled, and New Netherland became New York, the Dutch inhabitants and Dutch institutions remained, and the English were careful to respect the rights and privileges that had existed under their government. The grants made to the Patroons were not interfered with. Adriaen Van der Donck died in 1655, leaving to his wife the colony of Yonkers. She subsequently married Hugh O'Neal e. In 1666, Governor Nichols granted a patent to Hugh O'Neale and Mary, his wife, confirming the rights of Van der Donck. There were a number of subsequent transfers of the title to these lands, until they became vested in Frederick Philipse, and a royal charter confirming the same was