They were simply favors extended by the crown to the grantees of lands whether manorial, or non-manorial, to increase the value and enjoyment of their properties. They varied much, some manors having more, some less. Most of these franchises were common to both manorial, and non-manorial, lands. Some, however, were only granted to Manors, and were held by their Lords in addition to those common to both these classes of Crown-granted lands. Among those of the non-manorial lands were Hunting, Hawking, Fowling, Fishing, &c., among the latter, those of Courts-Baron, Courts-Leet, Waifs, Estrays. Advowsons, Deodands, &c. In the case of Manors

3 Coke 2 Inst. 70.

<3 Burrow's Bep. 18G0. See as to the jurisdiction of these Courts HaUani's " Middle Ages," 347. SDia-est, Title, xxvii. § 1.

THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE MANORS.

there were often special franchises granted, growing out of the geographical situation of the laud itself, or other special circumstances of a local nature, such as franchises to establish ferries, bridges, fairs and markets ; and for the tenants to meet and choose assessors and other local officers, and elect representatives of the Manor in the General Assembly. The latter, a very high franchise, was conferred upon three only out of the great number of Manors in New York. These were the Manors of Cortlandt, Livingston, and Rensselaerswyck, of which the former, the first iu which the franchise was granted, was the only one in Westchester County. All three of them bordered upon the Hudson River, and eventually embraced within their territorial limits large numbers of inhabitants.