Gladstone himself writes, in his Letter on the R.oyal Supremacy ; -- I contend that the Crown did not claim by statute, either to be by right, or to become by convention, the source of that Kind of action which was committed by the Saviour to the Apostolic church, whether for the enactment of laws or for the administration of its discipline ; but the claim was that all the canons of the church, and all its judicial proceedings, inasmuch as they were to form parts respectively of the laws and the administration of justice in the Kingdom, should run only with the assent and Sanction of the Crown."

This full statement has been written to show, that in their Province on the Hudson, the Sovereigns of England in virtue of their political, ecclesiastical, and legislative, capacities, as Sovereigns under the laws of England, through their direct " Commissions " and " Instructions" under their own signs-manual, legally established and maintained in that Province, by precisely the same legal instruments and methods, the same form of civil government and the same form of religious belief, that was established in England, as far forth as both could possibly be there done, consistently with the Surrenders and Treaty by which the Province became a possession of their Crown. And it also shows, that historically, the existence in New York, of a General Assembly of elected representatives of the people, of Manors, of the Church of England with its Parishes, and taxation of all inhabitants for the support of its Ministers and churches, had one and all exactly the same origin, and were equally the legitimate results, of the legitimate action, of its legitimate Sovereign authority, the monarchs of England.