This full statement has been written to show, that in their Province on the Hudson, the Sovereigns of England in virtue of their political, ecclesiastical, and legislative, capacities, as Sovereigns under the laws of England, through their direct " Commissions " and " Instructions" under their own signs-manual, legally established and maintained in that Province, by precisely the same legal instruments and methods, the same form of civil government and the same form of religious belief, that was established in England, as far forth as both could possibly be there done, consistently with the Surrenders and Treaty by which the Province became a possession of their Crown. And it also shows, that historically, the existence in New York, of a General Assembly of elected representatives of the people, of Manors, of the Church of England with its Parishes, and taxation of all inhabitants for the support of its Ministers and churches, had one and all exactly the same origin, and were equally the legitimate results, of the legitimate action, of its legitimate Sovereign authority, the monarchs of England.

12.

The Manors and the County in their Mutual relations, with the Origin and Organization of the latter. The six Manors of the County of Westchester, in

1 Letter of Lord Selborne, then Sir Roundell Palmer, Atty. Gen., of 30 Dec. 1850, in Plymouth Herald of 11th Jan. 1851. Fuller, app. B. 251.

the order of their erection, were ' Fordham ' in November 1671, ' Pelham ' in October 1687, ' Philipsborough ' in June 1693, ' Morrisania ' in May 1697, ' Cortlandt ' in June 1697, and ' Scarsdale' in March 170L As the 'Manor of Cortlandt' comprised the whole northern part of the County from the Hudson to the Connecticut line, and was ten miles in width, it will be described first, then following the order of location of the others down the eastern side of the count}' to its southern extremity, ' Scarsdale,' ' Pelham,' ' Morrisania,' and ' Fordham,' will be suceessively treated, then ' Philipsborough,' which comprised the entire western portion of the County bordering upon the Hudson as far north as the south line of the Manor of Cortlandt, and extended eastwardly to the Bronx River which runs through the centre of the County from north Co south and was the boundary between it and the manors of the east side.