" days work with carriage and horses," meaning not " a carriage " in our sense of the word to-day, but a day's work with wagon and team. Tliis latter was Often spoken and written of as a " day's riding.'' These were all originally introduced as an easy way for the tenants in those times when there was very little mon ey in the country to pay a part of the rents reserved in the leases, which as a rule ran from one or two, to ten pounds a year. New York currency. During the latter part of the last century, especially after the Revolution, the landlords and tenants made between themselves a private commutation, in money, for these rents in kind.

The Manor as far as the personal dignity of the Lord of the Manor was concerned, ended with the death of Stephanus Van Cortlandt in November) 1700. In all other respects manorial, parochial' civil, and jwlitical, it continued intact, until its final termination by being divided up into townships under the Act organizing the State into Townships in 1788.

The topography of the Manor is very remarkable, and very beautiful. The valley of the Croton lies almost whol y within its limits. The northernmost branches of that River rising in Putnam County and the easternmost, in Connecticut, each receiving in its course many small affluents, meet near its centre, and form the main stream of the Croton, which falls into the Hudson on the south side of the striking peninsula of Teller's, or Croton, Point. Five or six small streams, the largest of which, is " John Peaks Creek," now Peekskill (kill being the Dutch word for creek) also fall into the Hudson. These streams form deep sinuous valleys between the high, rocky hills through which they force their way to " The Great River of the Mountains.