The farm contains one hundred and seventy-three acres, and the institution several buildings of stone.

At about the same period the State Prison at Sing Sing, in this county, was erected. It was built from 1825 to 1829, by the convicts themselves. The prison was built here because of the marble quarries upon which the labor of the convicts might be employed. It covers one hundred and thirty acres of land lying on the Hudson River, and a more healthful or beautiful location could not have been selected.

If the eye be allowed to pass over the Table of Population which will be found inserted at the end of this chapter, he will remark how rapid after 1835 the increase. We turn readily to the cause, and delay for moment to detail the steps taken in the construction of the railroads which afford such facilities for traversing the county.

Public Works. -- The New York and Harlem Railroad Company was incorporated by the Legislature of the State of New York on the 25th of April, 1831. Audits franchises which were increased by several subsequent acts during the next eight years, covered only the City and County of New Y'ork and extended only as far as the Harlem River. The difficulties which the company had here to master, were he cause of much of its embarrassment in after years. The route on Manhattan Island presented the most formidable natural obstacles, and entailed consequently the heaviest expenditures. On the 17th of April, 1832, the Legislature by act incorporated the New York and Albany Railroad, with a charter authorizing the construction of a road, commencing on the island of New York, where the Fourth Avenue terminates and extending to the city of Albany. This Company not being able to avail itself of its privileges, " after six years of vicissitude and vain effort " surrendered its rights in Westchester County to the New York and Harlem Railroad.