History of Westchester County, New York, Vol. I
The latter court had both legislative and judicial functions, while the former exercised some of the functions of the supervisors.' From 1C83 to 1G91 we have the Court of Oyer and Terminer, with civil, criminal and appellate jurisdiction, held by one judge and three resident justices of the peace ; a Court of Sessions, with civil and criminal jurisdiction and power to audit and levy tlie county and town charg»^s, held twice each year ; and a Town Court, held by three commissioners. From 1691 to 1776 there were Circuit Courts held annually by one of the Supreme Court justices, who had a commission of Oyer and Terminer, in which some of the county judges were associated ; the Court of Common Pleas, composed of one judge and two or more justices of the peace, which took cognizance of all actions, real, personal and mixed, where the matter in demand exceeded the sum of five pounds in value ; the Court of Sessions, whose jurisdiction was now confined to criminal cases ; the Justice's Court in the various towns. The people had comparatively little voice in their own government. The judges of the various courts, justices of peace, sheriff, county clerk, surrogate, and, in fact, all officers, except the town officers (supervisors, collectors, assessors and constables), were appointed by the Governor, who was responsible only to the King. Most of the officers thus appointed held office during the pleasure of the Governor. This condition of affairs produced dissatisfaction among the people, and led to an almost perpetual conflict between the Government and the General Assembly. The elective officers were the overseers, supervisors, collectors, assessors and constables of the town, the mayor, aldermen and Common Council of the town or borough of Westchester,- ( which had a special charter) and representatives in the General Assembly.