The town is bounded on the northeast by White Plains and a small part of Mamaroneck; on the southeast, by Mamaroneck and New Rochelle ; on the southwest by New Rochelle and East Chester and on its entire northwest border by Greenburgh. In the centre of the town rises the Hutchinson River, which flows in a southerly direction, and on the east, another stream, the " Shelldrake," -- or as it appears on the old records, " Branch Brook," -- both flowing into the Sound, the latter being a tributary of the Mamaroneck River.

Along the northwest border of the town flows the river Bronx or Brunx, into which empty several smaller streams which drain the western portion of the town. The Bronx lies entirely within the township of Greenburgh, Scarsdale extending only to its eastern bank.

In its general topography the township is rolling country, though the eastern portion is comparatively high land, while the western portion forms one slope of the valley of the Bronx. The aspect of the town is relieved from monotony by many gentle undulations, frequent small ponds and streams and many tracts of wooded land. In former times the eastern angle of the town was heavily wooded and was known as the " Saxton Forest," from Wm. Saxton, whose name appears on a map of the town bearing the date 1779 as proprietor of a saw-mill in this locality. Although this forest once covered from twelve to fourteen hundred acres, most of it has been cleared, and, except for a few inconsiderable portions, the " Saxton Forest " remains only in name. Bolton, in his history of the county, says : " The most prominent features of Scarsdale, however, are the extensive tracts of woodland which completely cover its wild and romantic hills on the west, displaying themselves to great advantage from every part of the surrounding country.