At the same time, sovereignty on Long Island was formally divided with the English, it being provided in the articles that "upon Long Island a line run from the westernmost part of Oyster Day, so, and in a straight and direct line, to the sea, shall be the bounds betwixt the English and Dutch there, the easterly part to belong to the English and the westernmost part to the Dutch." Subsequent developments were uniformly in the direction of the acquisition by the English of all unsettled intermediate territory. While the Dutch not only made no encroachments upon the sections adjoining the English settlements, but even neglected all systematic occupation of the undeveloped country indisputably belonging to their own sphere, such as the regions north of the Harlem Liver, the English were constantly extending, by actual seizure and occupation, the limits of their westward claims. One after another the Dutch gave up to their rivals In 1 663, after a strenuous endeavor to reevery point in dispute. tain'the Westchester tract, where they had preserved the forms of Pell's settlers, jurisdiction since the early days of its colonization by early in 1664, and they resigned this important vantage ground;

AFTER

ENGLISH

CONQUEST

forced to au issue on Long Island by the stubborn attitude of the English towns there, they entered into an arrangement by which all controverted matters in that part of their diminishing realms were determined agreeably to the British interests. By this latter transaction the villages of Newtown, Flushing, Jamaica, Hempstead, and Gravesend became English. The arrogant general disposition of the English in Connecticut in the closing period of the Dutch rule is described as follows by Stuyvesant iu a dispatch to the West India Company, dated November 10, 1G63: "They know no New Netherland, nor g< ivernment of New Netherland, except only the Dutch plantation on the Island of Manhattan.