It will be seen by the reader, that the Division which was thus pushed forward, to the White Plains, was in light marching order, evidently taking with it no more than the personal Baggage of the Officers and men ; that it was pushed forward, with all possible expedition, if it may not properly be said to have been by a forced march ; and that it was not halted on its line of march, until it had reached Chatterton's-hill. It had moved along the roadway leading to the White Plains, behind and under cover of the line of entrenched camps, stretched along the high grounds, westward from the Bronx-river, from Valentine's-hill, on the South, to the White Plains, on the North, which had, already, been thrown up and occupied, 3 and it reached the Plains and rested on the high grounds, at that place ; and it was subsequently moved into the

2 Memoirs of General Heath, 73-75.

3 Sauihier's Plan of the Operations of the King's Army ; Plan of the Country from Frog's Point to Oroton River; Dawson's Military Retreats through Westchester-couniy , In 1776, 35-37 ; etc.

We are not insensible of the fact that, in this instance, the greater number of those who have preceded us, in writing of that military retreat of the Americans, have maintained that those defensive works were thrown up by the retreating Army, on its march to the White Plains, instead of by detachments moved forward, for that specific purpose, before the retreat of the maiu body, from Kingsbridge, had been fully determined on. Among those from whom we have thus dissented, are the despatch of General Howe to Lord George Germaine, "New-York, "30 November, 1776 ; " Annual Register for 177 6: History of Europe, *177,; History of the War in America, Dublin: 1779, i., 194 ; [Hall's] History of ih: Givll War in America, i., 207 ; Gordon's History of the American Revolution, ii., 339; Stedman's History of the American War, i., 212; Marshall's Llfeof George Washington, ii., 500' ; Andrews's History of the War, ii., 244; Murray's Impartial History of tlie War in America, ii., 177 ; Eamsay's History of the American Revolution, i.,309; Morse's Annals of the American Revolution, 263 ; Sparks's Life of George Washington, 195; Irving's Life of George Washington, ii., 384, 385 ; Hamilton's History of the Republic, i., 130; Lossing's Pictorial Field-book of the American Revolution, ii., 821 ; Carrington's Battles of the American Revolution, 236, etc.; but we have preferred the testimony of Division Orders for the movement of the troops, the narrative of the movement which was written by the Major-general commanding the Division, the official Maps of the movement drawn by both the American and the Royal Engineers, and our own well-settled convictions of the improbability that the main Army had been employed in throwing up entrenchments or that its laborious retreat to the Plains was made more laborious by continuous halts for the purpose of throwing up earthworks, for any purpose.