It may be nearly judged of by concurrent circumstances; but, until- our census is taken, it cannot be exactly ascertained.

We find, amongst the circumstances from which our population can be ascertained, that the printer of the Ontario Gazette disperses, weekly, not less than one thousand papers, and the printer of the Bath Gazette, from four to five hundred. From this some judgment may be formed, not only of the number, but of the respectability of the people settled in the country. As it is several years since the militia of the county of Ontario was organized, we cannot judge of the population by the number of regiments ; they are at present formed into a brigade of three complete battaUons, and a very excellent troop of horse. The miUtia of Steuben county consists of only one battalion of infantry to which are attached a troop of horse, a company of grenadiers and light infantry, and a company of riflemen. These companies, and a troop of horse, are in complete uniform.

A very just idea may be formed of the population and respectability of a settlement, by the number of mills. Within my Knowledge there are in Ontario County nineteen grist-mills, and twenty-eight saw-mills, and some of them equal to any in America: an Steuben county there are only ten grist-mills and twenty saw-mills.

All the first settlers in this country were from New-England : this circumstance probably arose from access to it being from that quarter only, and the purchasers from the State being New-England people. Indeed, until after the opening of the road to Pennsylva-