Traders who come from a great distance

make mention of Lion skins which will not be bartered,

because they are used for clothing, being much warmer than

others.

Beyond the South River, in 37 degrees, Englishmen are settled,

freemen, but planted there by Merchants on condition

Nati'dr ^^^^^ ^^^^y deliver as much tobacco to their masters as

is agreed on ; the remainder is their own. Considerable

trade was carried on with them, and many ships come thither

from Eno-land.

48 FIRST SETTLEMENT OF NEW- YORK BY THE DUTCH.

On the Nortli side are the English Brownists, who maintain

Another tlicuiselves very well and acquii-e considerable strength.

Nation, supporting their reputation bravely with the Natives,

whom they do not fear, having acted strictly with these from the

first, and so continuing.

In the beginning of this year, war broke out between the

Maikans near Fort Orange and the Makicaesj but these

War. beat and captured the Maikans and drove off the

remainder who have settled towards the North by the

Fresh Eiver, so called ; ' where they begin again to cultivate the

soil ; And thus the war terminated.

After the Right Hon^ie Lords Directors of the Privileged West

India Company in the United Netherlands, had provided

1630. for the defence of New Netherland and put everv thing

Freedoms ^ J o

wanted to the there in good order, they taking into consideration the

Inhabitants of '-' j ./ cd

New Nether- advautagcs of said place, the favorable nature of the air, and soil, and that considerable Trade and goods and many commodities may be obtained from thence, sent some persons, of their own accord, thither with all sorts of cattle and implements necessary for agriculture, so that in the year 1628 there akeady resided on the Island of the Manhattes, two hundred and seventy souls, men, women & cliildi-en, under Governor Minuit, Verhulst's successor, living there in peace with the Natives.