This water, the most wholesome of any conveyed to Rome, was drawn from springs, in the neighborhood of Subiaco, on the Anio, 20 miles above Tivoli, in the mountains. These sources were 36 miles from Rome, on the Yia Valeria. The whole length of its course was 60 miles and 710 paces, of which 54 miles 247 paces were subterraneous, the restbeing carried over arches as it approached the city. It is the remains* of these arches which produce such a striking effect in the Campagna. " They may be followed, says Burgess,! for nearly two miles without interruption, by proceeding on the road to Albano. and turning a little to the left after passing Tavoluto at about four miles from Rome. They are built of peperine stone, and sometimes rise to a prodigious height to maintain the level of the channel. The Specus' of the Aqua Marcia is in many '

places still perfect, though now useless." Even in the time of Pliny, in the 60th or 70th " year of the Christian Era, this delicious water was lost to Rome. Long ago," com- " we of Rome have lost the and plains this writer, pleasure commodity of those rills, through the ambition and avarice of some great men, who have turned away the waters from the city where they yielded a pu bl ic benefit to the commonwealth, and diverted them for their own profit and delight, into their manors and houses, to irrigate their gardens, and to other uses." Nineteen years after the Marcian, or in the year of Rome 627, the Aqua Tepula was introduced by the Censors, Cn. Servilius Caepio, and L. Crassus Longinus, surnamed