The skepel costs ordinarily 10 @^ 15 stivers when bought from the Indians. Beef, Vinegar, Pork, Peas and Butter or oil instead; Beans. Salad oil and vinegar are not easy to be had in that country except at an excessively high price from the Dutch traders. All this being arranged it must be noted what description of people are best adapted for agriculture in New Netherland, and to perform the most service and return the most profit in the beginning. First, a person is necessary to superintend the working men ; he ought to be acquainted with farming. Vol. I. 47

370 NEW- YORK COLONIAL MANUSCRIPTS.

Industrious country people, conversant with the working and cultivation of land, and possessing a knowledge of cattle. It would not be unprofitable to add to these some Highland boors from the Veluwe,» Gulick,2Cleef,=' and Berg.^ Northerners are a people adapted to cutting down trees and clearing land, inasmuch as they are very laborious and accustomed to work in the woods. Northerners can do almost anything; some can build much, others a little, and construct small craft which they call yawls. Carpenters who can lay brick. Smiths conversant with heavy work, curing cattle and provided with suitable medicines. One or more surgeons, according to the number of the people, with a chest well supplied with all sorts of drugs. One or more coopers. A clergyman, comforter of the sick, or precentor who could also act as schoolmaster. A wheelwright. All other tradesmen would follow in time ; the above mentioned mechanics are the most necessary at first. In order to promote population through such and other means, the people must be provided with Freedoms and Privileges so as to induce them to quit their Fatherland, and emigrate with their families beyond the sea to this far distant New Netherland.