And upon a Sabbath day, long to be remembered, arrived among the inhabitants aforesaid, and in a hostile manner, drove them out before them, burnt and destroyed some of their houses pillaged and plundered others, stove their cyder barrels, turned their provisions out into the open streets, ript open their feather beds, laid open their meadows and fields of grain, and either took, or destroyed the greater part of the effects of this poor, but loyal people." 27

Henry Noble MacCracken, Old Dutchess Forever! The Story of An American County (New York: Hastings House), 283. Oscar Handlin and Irving Mark, "Chief Daniel Nimham v. Roger Morris, Beverly Robinson, and Philip Philipse - An Indian Land Case in Colonial New York, 1765-1767", Ethnohistory, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Summer 1964), Published by Duke University Press: 205. Thomas J. Humphrey, Land and Liberty, Hudson Valley Riots In The Age of Revolution (Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press), 66. Ibid, 206. Thomas J. Humphrey, Land and Liberty, Hudson Valley Riots In The Age of Revolution (Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press), 67. Oscar Handlin and Irving Mark, "Chief Daniel Nimham v. Roger Morris, Beverly Robinson, and Philip Philipse - An Indian Land Case in Colonial New York, 1765-1767", Ethnohistory, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Summer 1964), Published by Duke University Press: 209.

*Champerty is essentially "ambulance chasing" - agreeing to take on a suit with the intention of sharing in the financial gain of the suit

Robinson's rough dealings with noncompliant tenants soon led to violent clashes between Robinson's mercenaries (joined by tenants willing to sign revised leases), and tenants resistant to those forces. The new Robinson leases were far less desirable than those the tenants had with the Wappinger. In a shrewd attempt to garner widespread tenant support and counter the harsh terms of Robinson's and Morris's leases, Nimham, representing the Wappinger, began offering leases to tenants with terms as generous as "2 peppercorns per annum to be paid on the feast of Saint Michael the Archangel for 999 years." 28 These attractive agreements became known as "Indian deeds" and did indeed garner popular tenant support. 29