REGINALD PELHAM BOLTON

CONTENTS PAGE I. Introduction 15 II.Manhattan,. its paths and settlements 35 III.Upper Manhattan paths 68 IV. Paths in the Bronx 90 V. Indian paths in Kings county 129 VI. The Home-lands of the Canarsee. . . 147 VII. Native paths in the Borough of Queens 171 VIII. Richmond paths 187 IX. Paths in nearby New Jersey 197 Notes 207 Bibliography 212 Maps consulted 217 Index of Stations 220 Index of Proper Names 242

INDIAN NOTES

ILLUSTRATIONS Plates PAGE I. Jeffreys hook, now known as Fort </ Washington point 78 II. An Indian path, the trail through Shorakapkok 80 III. Rock-shelters at Shorakapkok, the Inwood village 82 IV. Indian burial of a dog at Shorakapkok 84 V. Indian woman and child in a grave at Shorakapkok 86 VI. The Wading place at Kingsbridge 88 VII. The Albany Post-road, once the Hudson River path 94, VIII. The Mosholu, below Spuyten Duyvil hill 96 IX. Acqueegenom, the crossing place of the Westchester path over Bronx river 104 X. Weir creek Indian village-site, Throgs neck 112 XL Foreshore of Weir creek Indian village-site, Throgs neck 114 XII. Van Cortlandt avenue, once the Indian Shore path 116

INDIAN NOTES

ILLUSTRATIONS

INDIAN PATlfS XXVI. The Indian pond, in the Indian field, alongside Mechawani- enck, the ancient pathway. ... 166 XXVII. The victims of prehistoric warfare buried at Ward point, near Tottenville, Staten Island 192 XXVIII. The Billopp house on Ward point 194 '

Ftg. 1. Skull of an ancient denizen of Shorakapkok 87