" Moskehtu, a meadow." (EHot.) Papinemen (1646), Pahparinnamen (1693), Papirinimen (modern), are forms of the Indian name used interchangeably by the Dutch with Spuyten Duivel to designate a place where the tideoverflow of the Harlem River is- turned aside by a ridge and unites with Tibbet's Brook, constituting what is known as the Spuyten Duivel Kill, correctly described by Riker in his " History of Harlem " : " The narrow kill called by the Indians Pahparinamen,

' " By ye edge of ye hill by ve fresh water." (Cal. N. Y. Land Papers, 17.) The Dutch name ran into Kalch, Kolack and Collect, and m early records "Kalch-hock." from its peculiar shape, resembling a fish-hook. ■-"At ve sand Hills near the Bowery." (Cal. N. Y. Land Papers. 17.) Ishpctou<{a was given by the same writer to Brooklyn Heights, with the explanation "High, sandy banks," but the term does not describe Mie character of the elevation. (See Espating.)

20 INDIAN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES.

which, winding around t'he northerly end of Manhattan, connected the Spuyten Duyvil with the Great Kill or Harlem River, gave its name to the land contiguous to it on either side." The locative of the name is clearly shown in the boundaries of the Indian deed to Van der Donck, in 1646, and in the subsequent Philipse Patent of 1693, the former describing the south line of the lands conveyed as extending from the Hudson " to Papinemen, called by our people Spuyten Duivel," and the latter as extending to and including " the neck, island or hummock, Pahparinnamen," on the north side of the passage, at which point, in the early years of Dutch occupancy, a crossing place or " wading place " was found which had been utilized by the Indians for ages, and of which Jasper Bankers and Peter Sluyter wrote, in 1679-80, " They can go o\'er this creek, at dead or low water, upon the rocks aud reefs, at a place called Spuyt ten Duyvel." From this place the name was extended to the " island or hummock " and to what was called " the Papirinameno Patent," at the same point on the south side of the stream, to which it was claimed to belong in 1701.