An Indian village is traditionally loca:ted in the pass,

^" Hacki. land; Len-hacki, up-land." (Zeisberger.) "When they speak of highlands they say Lcnnihacke, original lands ; but they do not apply the same name to low lands, which, being generally formed by the overflowing or washing of streams, cannot be called original." (Heckewelder.) ^ A wild, wet region among the hills, where the rattlesnake abounded. They were formerly found in all parts of the Highlands, and are still met frequently.

NAMES ON THE EAST FROM MANHATTAN NORTH. 37

of which "one Wikopy" is named as cJiief on the same authority. The name, however, has no reference to a pass, path, village or chief ; it is a pronunciation of Wccnppe, "The place of basswoods or linden trees," from the inner bark of which (zuikopi) "the Indians made ropes and mats -- their tying bark par excellence." (Trumbuli. ) "IVikbi, bast, the inner bark of trees." (Zeisberger.) In Webster and The Century the name is applied to the Leatherwood, a willo^^•y shrub with a tough, leathery bark. Matteawan, now so written, has retained that orthography since its first appearance in 1685 in the Rombout Patent, which reads : "Beginning on the south side of a creek called Matteawan," the exact boundmark being the north side or foot of the hill knowTi as Breakneck (Matomps'k). It has been interpreted in various ways, that most frequently quoted appearing in Spofiford's Gazetteer : **Frtom Matai, a mag-ician. and Wian, a skin ; freely rendered, 'Place of good furs,' " which never could have been the meaning ; nor does the name refer to mountains to which it has been extended. Wm. R. Gerard writes : "Matdivan, an impersonal Algonquian verb, meaning, 'It debouches 'into,' i. e. 'a creek or river into another body of water,' substantially, 'a confluence.' " This rendering is confirmed by Albert S.