Land Papers, 164.) In other -words the name was that of a place at the mouth of the brook. Near the brook at Auriesville, which takes its name from that of the stream, has been located the Shrine, "Our Lady of Martyrs,'' marking the presumed rite of the Mohawk castle called by Father Jogues Osseruenon, in which he suffered martyrdom in 1646.^ The Indian name, Oghrackie, has no meaning as it stands ; some part of it was probably lost by mis-hearing. "The digraph gh is not a radical element in Mohawk speech ; it is frequently dropped, as in Orachkee, one of the forms of the name here. Omitting it from Colden's Oghrackie, and inserting the particle se or sa, yields Osarake, "At the beaver dam," from Osara, "Beaver dam," and locative participle ke, "At." (Hale.) This interpretation is confirmed, substantially, by the Bureau of Ethnology in an interpretation of Osseruenon which Father Jogues gave as that of the castle. W. H. Holmes, Chief of the Bureau, wrote me, under date of March 8, 1906, as has been above stated, "The term Osseruenon (or Ossernenon, Asserua, Osserion, Osserrinon) appears to be from the Mohawk dialect of the Iroquoian stock of languages. It signifies, if its English dress gives any approximation to the sound of the original expression, 'At the beaver dam.' " This expert testimony has its value in the force which it gives to the conclusion that

^ The site of the Shrine was approved by the Society of Jesus mainly on