It means, briefly, "Strong water." Heckewelder's Maskek-it-ong and his interpretation of it, "Strong falls at," are wrong, the name which he quoted being that of a swamp in the vicinity of the falls, as noted in Col. Hist. N. Y., and as shown by the name itself. The Delaware was the seat of the Lenni-Lenape (o as a in father, e as a in mate -- Lenahpa), or "Original people," or people born of the earth on which they lived, who were recognized, at the time of

^ "Cuzvam; modifications, Choain, Schawan. The stem appears to be Shazcano, 'South,' 'Coming from the south,' or from salt water." (Brinton.) - Afifidavit of Johannes Decker, Hist. Or. Co. (quarto) p. 699: "Called by the Indians Lamas-Sepos, or Fish Kill, because they caught the shad there." <Cal. N. Y. Land Papers, 698, et. scq.) ^ Paghkataghan means 'The division or branch of a stream" -- "Where the stream divides or separates." The Moravian missionaries wrote the name Pachgahgoch, from which, by corruption, Papagonck. The Papagoncks seem to have been, primarily, Esopus Indians, and to have retreated to that point after yielding up their Esopus lands. (See Schaghticoke.)

2 20 INDIAN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES.

the discovery, as the licad or "Grandfather" of the Algonquiaa nations. From their principal seat on the tide-waters of the Delaware, and their jurisdiction on that stream, they became known and are generally met in history as the Delawares. In tribal and subtribal organizations they extended over Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, V'irginia, New Jersey, and New York as far north as the Katskills, speaking dialects radically the same as that of the parent stock.^ They were composed of three primary totemic tribes, the Minsi or Wolf, the Unulachtigo or Turkey, and the Unanii or Turtle, of whom the Turtle held the primacy.