As they are from three to five hundred yards apart, the cost is probably much less than by any plan which could be devised, where, in addition to the cost of a canal or series of pipes, we should be compelled to raise it again, by the expensive agency of steam or some other costly apparatus. The frequent exposure of the water to air and light at the summit of these sooterays, is another very important advantage which cannot be too strongly insisted

upon as it is now well known that nothing tends more to purify water, than the presence ;

of these two agents. The arrangement, likewise, of the basins on the top of the pillars, is well adapted for getting rid of much of the matters deposited from turbid waters.

Lastly, to the descending pipe a small cock is attached near the ground, by which the flocks and herds of the adjoining villages and fields, are furnished at all times with a

copious supply of water. " On the heights of Pera there is a large reservoir, 200 feet square, built of the most solid and substantial masonry ; from this reservoir the water is distributed through the suburbs of Fundukli, Pera, Galata, and Cassim Pacha. " After a deliberate survey of the various hydraulic contrivances for supplying Conwith water, one is at a loss to know which to admire most, the native stantinople good sense which pointed out the necessity and importance of furnishing the capital and its suburbs with pure and wholesome water, the ingenuity displayed in conquering almost invincible obstacles, or that wise and liberal economy which considered no expense too enormous, no sacrifices too great, in comparison with the health and comfort of the people.