million of people were brought together into one mass as it were, there was not a guard, a patrol, a sentry, not even a solitary policeman, stationed any where to hold in check the ebullition of social or political excitement that there was need of none and that the peace, order, and quiet of the city were as completely undisturbed as they could have been in London, Paris, Vienna, St. Petersburg, or any other great city of monarchical Europe, by legions of bayonets and an army of peace-officers.

As a record of this celebration, and of the great event it commemorated, the Committee of the Common Council caused a silver medal to be struck, of the engraving on which, a fac simile is presented on the following page ; they also voted that a me-

306 CELEBRATION OF THE moir of the -work should be prepared, which has been accomplished imperfectly, indeed, but it is hoped with tolerable minuteness and accuracy, in the pages that are here

brought to a close.

S. PROTON* AQUEDUCT

INDEX TO PRELIMINARY ESSAY. PAGE. Albany Water Works 81 London Bridge, works at, " Aqua Paola, . . .* 1646 Supply of water at, 20,50,53,59 Augusta, 16 Lisbon Aqueduct, 69 Felice, 1746 Lyon's Aqueduct, 32 Sabbatina, 16 Mexico, Aqueducts of 73, 74, 75 " " 73 Aqueduct, origin of, 7 destroyed by Spaniards, of Solomon, 7 Noria, 6 Vitruvius' rules, 8 JVismes Aqueduct, 29 Pliny's directions, 11 Ourcq, canal de 1' 64 Roman Aqua Appia, ." . . 13 Pump, ordinary sucking, 6 " 1425 Anio Vetus, Pipes of lead, 12 " 14 " 12 " Aqua Marcia, " iron, Aqua Tepula, 15 gold 73 " 15 Paris Waterworks, 63 " Aqua Julia, " Aqua Virginis, 15 Artesian Well at, 67 " Peruvian Aqueducts, Aqua Alsletina, 16 71, 72 " 16 " " Aqua Claudia, destroyed by Spaniards, 73 " Anio Novus, 16 ruined Palenque, Aqueduct 75 General Description of, 17 Philadelphia Water- works, 76 " Supply Furnished by 19 Providence, R.