Garcilasso observes, " there were five fountains of water, which ran from divers places through pipes of gold. The cisterns were some of stone, and others of gold and silver in which they washed their sacrifices, as the solemnity of the festival required."

Fountains.

Artificial fountains and jets d'eau are of extreme antiquity ; they have been used for beautifying public grounds of cities, and have served the purpose of moderating the temperature of the air ; in these cases the water has been in

some instances perfumed.

" From excavations made at Pompeii it appears that in almost every street there was a fountain, and that bronze statues, through which the water issued were common, several have been found, --four or five are boys of beautiful

workmanship ; the fluid issued from vases resting on their shoulders, or held under their arms, and in some cases from masks. Paintings of elegant fountains, from which the water issued in perpendicular jets, have also been discovered both at Herculaneum and Pompeii."

" In the middle of the square of the Coliseum, is a pretty

remarkable piece of antiquity, (says Blainville,) though very

little minded by most people. Here stood anciently, a beautiful fountain, adorned with the finest marbles and columns ;

and on the top was a bronze statue of Jupiter, from which issued great plenty of water, as may be seen on the reverse of one of Titus' medals. This fountain was of great use both to the spectators and the gladiators in the amphitheatre to refresh themselves. Pope Alexander VII. caused it to be repaired, but since his time it has been entirely neglected."