It well typifies the state of South Carolina in its past history as represented by its ruling class, which was composed, to a great extent, of professional politicians, who were arrogant, narrow, opposed to simple republican institutions, and longing for an alteration in the fundamental principles of their government so as to have political power centred in few great land and slave holders. This class was always crooked, always discontented and turbulent, and fi.nally, in the year 1860, disgraced their State and made its name a by-word for all time, by an attempt to overthrow the Eepublic, and establish upon its ruins the despotism of an irresponsible oligarchy, whose basis should be HUMAN SLAVEET ! They kindled a civil war which cost the nation the lives of almost half a million of men, and nearly three thousand millions of dollars.

The ''Grange" is upon an elevation of nearly 200 feet above the rivers, and commands, through "sistas, delightful views of Harlem River and Plains, the East River and Long Island, and the fertile fields of Lower Westchester. It is just within the outer lines of the entrenchments thrown up by the Americans in 1776, and is in the midst of the theatre of the stirring events of that year.

"Wc have now fairly entered upon Manhattan Island, inour journeyings from the "Wilderness to the Sea, and are rapidly approaching the commercial metropolis of the country, seated upon its southern portion, where the waters of the Hudson, the East, and the Passaic Rivers commingle in the magnificent harbour of New York.