The place was known to the natives as Muskyttehool, a Dutch application of the word, hole, to the Indian word musquetaug, "a place of rushes," very well describing the characteristic feature of the Paardegat (pi. xxi). This path was a direct means of communication between the Flatlands station and Canarsie. It connected directly with the Hunterfly Road trail, of which it was evidently an extension, at the sharp bend in the latter at Howard and Sutter avenues

AND MONOGRAPHS

INDIAN PATHS

in East New York. It thus formed a short cut to Keskaechquerem from the Rockaway path.

From the Flatlands station another path must have extended to a well-defined native settlement at Bergen Beach (52), known to the natives as Winippague, or "fine water place." Practically an island, it was reached from the Flatlands district only by passing over a tract of marsh-land through which a crooked waterway meandered. The latter was crossed in Colonial times by the old Bergen Beach road at East 69th street and Avenue T, which is the narrowest part of the meadow. This old road connected with the Mill road which ran from Flatlands village at the point where the King's highway turned off from the present Flatbush avenue. We may reasonably assume that these old lanes were successors of the native trails. Scattered objects found upon the island indicate native residence there, and masses of discarded shells decide the position of a considerable Indian industry within its area. It was in fact one of the places where