It was also doomed by that same mobilization as many worldly veterans found the dry movement arcane in aftermath of the cataclysm and social upheaval with which they had been associated. Air-mindedness represented an opposite - a break from the "grounded" thinking that had led to war and the hope for a diminution for the rigid veneration of boundaries that was inherent in nationalistic militarism. If tariffs and Prohibition were the stuff of excessively rigid state control, the airplane represented an undoing of the old notions of interchange between nations, whether civil or military. Aviators perceived themselves at the forefront of this disruptive modernism. Thus, smuggling was not simply an immoral act perpetrated by an aviator fallen on hard times - it was an exciting fulfillment of the airplane to free commerce from antiquated thinking.

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