Boardwalk Empire of the Air: Aerial Bootlegging in Prohibition Era America
"Airships and Tariffs" Logansport Pharos Tribune (Logansport, Indiana), January 30, 1907, 2. "Aerial Smuggling" Waterloo Semi Weekly Courier August 11, 1908, 4. Tombstone Weekly Epitaph (Tombstone, Arizona) February 6, 1910, 4. "Airships and Tariffs" Logansport Pharos Tribune (Logansport, Indiana), January 30, 1907, 2; "Smuggling By Airship" The Washington Post (Washington, DC) April 25, 1909, 5. "Aerplanes Legal Rights: Protection From Flying Machines Bring New Problems That Puzzle Bench and Bar" The Washington Post (Washington, DC) June 19, 1910, 4. "Aviators as Smugglers" The Washington Post (Washington, DC) June 2, 1910, 6; "Aeroplane Registration in America" The Times (London) June 2, 1910, 8. "Aeroplane Smuggling Dangerous" New Berne Weekly Journal (New Bern, North Carolina) March 24, 1911, 4. The first military operations occurred during the Italo-Turkish War in Libya. The Italians flew a reconnaissance flight over Turkish positions on October 23, 1911. Lee Kennett, The First War in the Air, 1914-1918 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), 18. "No Booze By Airplane" Belvedere Daily Republican (Belvedere, Illinois) December 11, 1918, 4; "Aerial Smuggling" The Wellington Daily News (Wellington, Kansas) December 12, 1918, 2. "West Virginia Jealous of Michigan Notoriety" The Evening News (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) February 24, 1919, 14. Oshkosh Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) January 24, 1919, 6. "Smuggling By Air" The Kansas City Kansan (Kansas City, Kansas) February 7, 1919, 2.
"Much Drug Used in U.S." The Brooklyn Daily Eagle (Brooklyn, New York) June 3, 1919, 17; "Aero Chiefs Called to Watch Smugglers" San Francisco Chronicle (San Francisco, California) May 28, 1921, 16. Federal confirmation of aerial narcotic smuggling occurred by April 1920, "Booze and Dope Runners Use Aeroplane" "Use of Aeroplane to Smuggle Booze Suggested By Ace" The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) February 22, 1919, 10. "Smuggling of Narcotic Drugs Into the United States By Means of Aeroplanes" Memorandum to the Secretary General of the League of Nations from Department of State via Coast Guard, May 10, 1934, Coast guard Intelligence Division, Entry 297, Record Group 26, Box 48, 8-9.