O'Callaghan, E.B., ed. The Documentary History of the State of New York, Vol. III. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Co., 1850.

being one of the twenty townships surveyed by the siu'veyorgeneral pursuant to an act passer n; the 25th day of February, 1789, at tlie rate of three shilhnas M>(i tlu'ee pence per acrej one sixth part of the purchase money r.^ he paid on tlie first day of October next, and the residue in cwo equal payments, the one on the first day of April next, and the other on first day of …

The application of White Matlack and Jacob Hallet, for the purchase of townships No. 12 and 13, being two of the twenty townsliips surveyed by the surveyor-general, pursuant to an act passed the 25th of February 1789, at the rate of three shillings and five pence per acre; one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid on the first day of October next, and the residue in two …

Watkins and Augustus Sackett, for the purchase of fifteen thousand acres of land, situate between the military lands and the twenty townships surveyed by the surveyor-general, pursuant to an act passed the 25th day of February, 1789, beginniiig at the southwest corner of township No. 13, of the said twenty townships, and running thence west to the east bounds of the military …

The application of Robert C, Livingston, for the purcliase of townsliip No. 7, one of the twenty townsliips surveyed by the surveyor general, pursuant to an act passed the 25tli day of February, 1789, at the rate of tln-ee shilUngs and six pence per acre j the one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid on tlie 1st day of October next, and the residue in two equal …

" Gentlemen, -- Instead of our former proposals for the pm chase of the following tract of land, we beg leave to substitute the following to wit : ' We propose to purchase the unappropriated lands comprised within the following boundaries, to wit : All that certain tract of vacant land, bounded northerly by the tract lately purchased by Alexander Macomb, easterly by Oothoudt's …

When the first yearly instalment is paid, then a patent shall issue for one half of the land to be laid out in a square as nearly as possible, on such end of the tract as the commissioners shall think proper ; and when the second yearly instalment is paid, then a patent shall issue for the right of the said tract : But if we think proper to pay the purchase money belbre the …

Out of the above described lands we consent to - except the lands and fisheries reserved by the deeds of cession from Oneida and Cayuga Indians to tlie State, and the lands at the falls called Oswego Falls, on the Onondaga river, and the lands at Oswego on the north-easterly side of the said river, where the same falls into lake Ontario, which by any former laws of the State …

Bleecker and the lands granted to James Deane, at the rate of three shillings and six pence per acre ; one sixth part of the purcliase money to be paid or secured agreeable to tlie advertisement of tliis Board, and the residue in one year from tlie 1 4tli of July last ; and -if the whole money be paid befoi-e that day, tlien the patent to issue for the said land ; being read …

to tlie place of beginning ; and also, all tlie unappropriated land lying and being in the southwest part of the townsliip Chemung, and southwesterly of the Tioga river, at the rate of three shillings and sevenpence per acre j the one sixtli part of tlie purcliase money to be paid in six months from the date hereof, witli lawful interest, and the residue in two equal …

Watkins and Royal Flint, for the purchase of all the unlocated part of the following tract of land, to wit : beginning at the northwest corner of the township of Chemung ; tlience running easterly along the northern boundary of the said township of Chemung, until it strikes Owego river, being the west bounds of the ten townships added to Massacliusetts, thence northerly along …

The application of Melancton Smith, for the piu-chase of a certain tract of land, beginning where the old line of property strikes the Canada creek, and running thence southerly along said line until it meets the most northerly corner of a tract of land, grant to one Perach6 ; thence along the said Perach6's land to most westerly corner thereof, and thence on a direct line …

The application of Jonatlian Lawrence, for the purchase of all the unappropriated land within the following boundaries, to wit, beginning at the most easterly corner of Jersey Field, and running thence northwesterly along the northeasterly bounds thereof to Canada Creek, thence northeasterly along Canada Creek to Noble Borough, thence southeasterly along the southwesterly …

Beginning at the southwest corner of a tract commonly called the Road township, tlience running southerly along the township of Fabius, Solon and Cincinnatus, appropriated for the use of the troops of this State, until the said course strikes tlie northwest corner of the land lately sold to John W. Watkins & Augustus Sackett, thence easterly along their line until it strikes …

Beginning at the W'Cst bounds of the artillery patent at the northeast corner of a tract of one thousand acres of land, granted to Moses Harris junr. and running thence along the north bounds thereof , to the soutlieast corner of two hundred acres of land, granted to the said Moses Harris junr. thence along the east bounds of the said two liundred acres, and along the east …

The application of Matthew Adgate, for the purcliase of a tract of land situate north of the Mohawii river, and beginning at the northwesterly corner of the tract gi-anted to Henry Outhoudt, and from thence extending easterly along the same, and the northerly bounds of tlie township of Steuben to the northernmost corner thereof, thence northerly at right angles with the course …

The application of James Caldwell, for the purchase of townships No. 6 and 7, two of the twenty townsliips formerly set apart for the military, each ten miles square, and containing each sixty four thousand acres, at the rate of one sliilhifg and eiglit pence per acre, one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid in six months, two sixth parts in twelve months, and the …

The application of Matthew Adgare, Esquire, for the purchase of the following tract of land, situate on the north side of Mo hawk river, beginning at the northermost corner of Noble borough, and from thence running southwesterly along the same to the tract of Klock Remsen and others, from thence along the northernmost bounds thereof to the township of Steuben, thence northerly …

The application of Mathew Adgate, Esq. for tlie purcliase of two tracts of land situate in the county of Clinton, the first tract beginning one hundred and twenty chains due north from the nortlieast corner of a tract granted to Asa Douglass, junior ; from there to run west eighty ciuihis ; from there soutlierly to the northwest corner of the tract of land aforesaid ; then …

A. and figures 1791 ; and running from thence south eighty -five degrees west twenty-five ciiains ; tlien northerly on a parallel fine with the main course of the said bay forty chains, from thence north eighty-five degrees east to the bay aforesaid ; then on the shore of said bay to the place of beginning, supposed to contain one hundred acres ; at the rate of one shilling …

Van Bergen, late of tlie county of Albany, deceased, and runs from the said point of beginning north two degrees and thirty minutes, west forty-five chains ; thence north thirty-three degrees and thirty minutes west sixteen chains ; thence north forty-nine degrees, west seventy chains and fifty links ; thence south eightythree degrees, west forty five chains, and so continuing …

The applicatioii of Coll McGregor, for the purchase of township No. 8, one of the townships formerly set apart for the military, containing sixty four thousand acres, at the rate of one shilUng and eight pence per acre ; one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid in six months, two sixth parts in twelve months, and the remaining three sixth parts in eighteen months from …

The application of Hugh McCauly, for the purchase of a tract of land in the mountains west of lake Cliamplain, beginning sixteen roods south tliirty-five degrees west of lands granted to John Watts cind others, noAv belonging to Heyman Levy and others; from thence running north tliirty-five degrees, east 260 roods along the line of said lands ; thence south one hundred and …

Lightall, a Carpenter, they proceeded in a batteau to fulfill, as far as they were capable, the object of their appointment. The result of their observations is contained in the following detail of a survey of tlie Mohawk River, taken when the Avater therein was less than has been known witliin the memory of the eldest person now living ; and consequently tlie impediments, to …

3 On in good water, one quarter of a mile, to a sharp rapid, on which not more than one foot of water, bottom loose stones, the water above, deep : 1^ 4 On to Anthony Van Sl}'kes, in good water, one mile, there a rapid, water deep above it : 1 1088 INLAND LOCK-NAVIGATION. No 5 On in good water, one and a lialf mile, then a sharp rapid, one and a lialf feet water, bottom loose …

9 On two miles, current gentle, bottom level, shallow all the way, not more than from one to one and a half feet water : 2 10 On two and a half miles to Lewis Groots, passing two small rapids with sufficient water .... 2 1-3 11 On one and a quarter of a mile to the Willow Eapid : this rapid extends half a mile, has a sufficient depth of water ; the velocity of the water so …

mile long : 1-2 INLAND LOCK-NAVIGATION. 1089 No 16 On one quarter of a mile to the house late Guy Jolmson's, rapid and shallow, 1-4 17 On about 3 1-2 miles to the beginning of deep •water above or opposite the mouth of Scliohara Creek; in all this distance continued rapids, so shallow that an empty batteau must be drawn up; the river wide, with several islands, the bottom …

22 On one half a mile to Colonel John Fry's many sand banks in the river, easily removed to deepen the channel: 1-3 23 On in good water one mile, there a small rapid, deep water: 1 24 On three miles in good water, to a small rapid, sufficient depth of water: 3 25 On three miles to Mr. Nellis's, the river shallow, bottom loose stones and gravel, some large detached rocks; here …

No 29 On three and a half miles to tlie Falls, tlie water deep all tlie way, current gentle, except at the place called the Ha3xocks, where the navigation ' is sometimes dangerous, occasioned by about one hundred rocks : , . . . . 3 1-2 From Schenectady to tlie Fails 53 miles. 30 From the landing at the foot, to tlie landing at the head of the Falls, is al)out three qu-u-ters …

34 On to Fort Herkimer three quarters of a mile, good water, here lay the night of tlie 27^^ 3-4 35 On to Fort Schuyler as the river runs about forty-five miles, in all this extent a few rapids and most of these of little consequence, those that impede the navigation in very dry season easily deepened, as the water above them is invariably deep, tlie greatest obstruction is …

From Canada Creek he walked about half a mile down and found a sufficiency of water ; From tlience to the Oneida Lake he Mas informed, the navigation was greatly impeded by timber in the creek, as well as by many short turns. Having given this detail of the state of the river, and the obstacles to a competent navigation thereof, the Conmiittee proceed to give their opinion of …

ScA-eral of the rapids might be deepened by erecting small stone dams, nearly across the river, leaving a passage for boats ; but this whilst it would give a sufficiency of water, would so increase its velocity, as to render an ascent Avith a half loaded boat, of a size to carry three or four hundred bushels of Avheat, extremely difficult, Avithout the aid of machinery to …

Schuyler accordingly, on his return re-viewed the river, and the contiguous grounds from N" 17, towards N° 16 : It appears to him practicable, and probably most effectual, as well as cheapest, to erect a strong dyke of timber and stone, parallel to the bank of the river, from the deep water just above the mouth of Schohara Creek, and on the north side of the river, until it …

Near the point of beginning above mentioned, that is near N° 17, guard gates will be requisite, to • prevent the water in high freshes from overwlielming tlie Canal and Locks. But as the Navigation between this point, and that a little to the westward of N" 9, must also be improved, to enable loaded boats to pass in dry seasons, it necessarily claimed attention : Here Mr …

At some distance below this dam and lock, a canal may be led from the river on the south side, secured with guard gates, and run througli low lands, and well slieltered along the foot of tlie hills and re-enter the river at Daniel Peck's, Avhicli is supposed to be about N^ 5, and tluTS, with tlie necessary locks, every difficulty would be obviated. For want of accurate surveys …

Those rapids which are too shallow may be deepened by removing the stone and gravel, as the water above is in general deep, and if cuts are made through the gravel and sand banks, which obstruct the river about Fox's Creek, and a Utile higher up the navigation will be such as the act contemplates, and the expence will probably not exceed £2,000. The portage at the Little Falls …

Many large stones and rocks, and probably much solid rock will be found in all the distance from A to G which is 1G66 feet; the quantity of eartli, stone, and rock to be removed in this space, if the Canal has ten feet base, will be about 242,200 cubic feet ; From G to H whicli is 422 feet the Canal must be confined by a double dyke, or embankment, about four feet high: From H …

It is believed that merely a cut through the chord of this circuit of about half a mile, in easy digging and of little depth, would effectually surmount these obstacles. The other rapids which are neither long, sharp, nor many, descend from deep water immediately above them, and may, tlierefbre be permanently deepened at a moderate expence. The residue of the impediments in …

Obstructions by lieaps of fallen trees, prevented us taking- a section of the Canal in the direction which it would run, but apparently the mean depth of tlie earth to be removed for fonniiig the Canal would be about twelve feet at the greatest depth, hence ab(jut 642,240 cubic feet of earth must be removed : The ground thougli soft is so much interwoven with the roots of …

A bulkhead must therefore be placed at the point C precisely of the height with the level uf the water in the Moliawk, a boat then in this low state of the river coming up Wood Creek to tke point C must unlade, and be drawn across the bulk head into the Canal ; th.ere reloaded and pi-oceed through the Canal into the Mohawk lliver ; but when the Moliawk River rises so much as …

Arrivkd at tvds point, it will be ( ptional wit!i t'le company to extend tlieir improvements to Ontario; and the Seneca Lakes • or not, but as in the present state of Wood Creek, the j.roduce of the Country beyond cannot be brouglit into the iMohawl:,and consequently the company deprived of the advantage of tlie toll (hereon; It therefore appeal's to 3'<iur committee …

The committee conceive it necessary before they proceed to state to the board what works, in the opinion of the committee, ought to claim the first attention of tlie company, to make some remarks which they believe not irrelati^'e to the subject. -- An opinion is entertained by some, that since the company is permitted by the act of incorporation, to divide a clear 15 per …

The time will doubtless arrive, and the country is rapidly progressing to the point when the quantum of produce shall be so extensive, as to support the expence of the most complete improvement of the entire internal navigation in all its parts, as contemplated by the act of incorporation, when this happens it will decidedly be the interest of the compan}', and equally that of …

If these observations are founded as the committee conceive they are, then it will follow that the exertions of the company ought to be directed in the first instance to those parts of the navigation only, in which the most immediate obstacles are interposed, and which promise the best revenue at the smallest expenditure, that is with the least possible burthen on the produce …

The improvement of the navigation of Wood Creek has been stated as indispensable. -- But should the company find tlieraselves incapable of extending the navigation to Ontario and tlie Seneca lakes, no toll could be taken for the improvements which may be made in Wood Creek, -- the legislature sliould, therefore, be intreated to leave it optional in the company, to carry tlieir …

That if in the greater part of the navigable season, tlie navigation shall be so improved, as that two feet of water can be carried in the shallowest of tlie river, the cliarter should not be forfeited, if in the other parts of the season two feet of water could uot be carried in every part -- Because as the population of the country progresses, and a consequent increase of …

East of the Falls, nothing further shoidd be speedily attempted in the parts mentioned ; but that the primary exertions should be directed to the Canal and Locks at the Falls; that when this is completed, the watei- in the river above, will probably be suiRciently low to clear away the timber which incommodes it, and to do the like by Wood-Creek down to the Oneida Lake, and to …

To prepare for tlie accomplishment of this apparently very necessary part of the navigation, your committee recommend, That accurate surveys sliould be made, as early in the ensuing spring as circumstances will permit, to enable the board to determine the direction in wliich Canals are to run, to take .the necessary preliminary measures for providing the materials ; that, if …

It will certaiidy occur to the Directors, that in a work so exteiisi\<:", as tiiat committed to tliem, much unnecessary expeiice, and imicli waste of time must be incurred, unless the executive part of the business be properly conferred ; and your committee, to avoid this evil as much as possible, recommend t'lat the executive of the business should be committed to a sin.!,le …

To engage such a person, your Comniitlee conceive would be true economy ; to find such a cliaracter is certainly not very easy ; but it well merits the attention of the board to find one thus qualified ; the eyes and the hopes of the stock-holders, and those of the community, will natiu-ally be turned to the directors ; It is therefore, incumbent on tiiem to begin well, to …

Canals and locks are already formed there, and little doubt can be entertained but that every information which gentlemen are c;ipable of communicating will be afforded with alacrity ; and your committee have too good an opinion of their countrymen to apprehend, that if your superintendant is a man of genius, and the mechanics who accompany him men of approved reputation in …

200 Able-bodied laborers, to be engaged for the whole season, -- that is, from the month of May to October, both inclusive : Tliat the 200 labourers sliould be divided into eight companies, with an overseer to each ; That the wages of each should be stipulated; that they should furnish tliemselves witli provisions and liquor, to avoid those bickerings which constantly result …

5 Miners do do 9s. -- -- 360 1 Blacksmith do do 9s. -- -- 72 2 Lime Burners do do 9s. -- -- 144 200 Labourers do do 4s. -- -- 6400 8 Overseers do do 9s. -- -- 576 Additional pay to 4 Master Carpenters and a Master Mason 160 days at4s 160 Clerk of the Checque for 160 days (who is also to deliver the provisions and tools, and keep all the accounts) at 10s 80 11 Cooks for 160 …

the quantity of eartli, stone, and rock wliicli it will be necessary to remove to form tl:e canal and locks, supposing the base of tlie canal to be 10 feet, w ill be in ronnd numbers about 350,000 cubic feet. If one half is either solid, or such other rock as will require to be bored and blcHvn, tliat half will be 175,000 cubic feet ; if then one miner can blow one cubic yard …

The v.liole of the dyking to be made by two parallel walls of four feet thick, each at the distance of seven feet, from the inside of one to the inside of the other : The solid contents of the masonry is computed at 150,000 cubic feet : A mason will My of such work 60 cubic feet per day 1125 One man to attend tlie mason 2500 days at 4s 500 Carting the stones, at Is for every …

Five locks besides the guard lock will be required : If these extend each 70 feet, and the projections beyond each 50 feet more the whole extent will be 720 feet But as all tlie work must be double on each side, the whole length will be 2880 feet : If tlie timber be 12 inches squares, and the sides 10 feet high, it will require 28,800 cubic feet. For bottom sills, one to every …

hundred is 693 Filling in witli earth, raming the same, about 72000 feet at 100 feet per day for one man at 4s. is 144 500 Plank of 3 inches thick, for tlie bottom, at 4s. is 100 250 Plank of 3 inches thick, for the gates, at 4 shillings is , 50 Spikes, iron work, &c 200 Framing, 30 carpenters, 100 days at 9s 1350 House fur the officer to attend the locks and receive the toll …

John Taylor, the author of the following journal, was a native of Westfield, Mass. He graduated at Yale College in 1784, and soon after, having engaged in the Ministerial profession, settled in Deerfield. By desire of the Missionary Soc. of Hampshire Co. he made the following Journal in 1802. His health failing him, in 18U6, he took a dismission and engaged in agricultural …

JOURNAL OF THE REV. JOHN TAYLOR, ON A MISSION THROUGH THE MOHAWK AND BLACK RIVER COUNTRY, IN THE YEAR 1802. WiLLiAMSTowN, July 20/A, 1802. -- I this morning commenced, my journey to the northern counties in the state of New-York, as a missionary, in compliance witli the desire of the Missionary Society in the county of Hampshire. Kode from Deerfield to this town 40 miles …

After arranging the necessary business respecting the transportation of the boxes of books from Albany to Utica, and having agreed with the stage owners to see them safely delivered at Utica for $4, 1 left the city at 11 o'clock -- travelled in the course of the day 37, and now find myself on Missionary Groimd. Being considerably fatigued with my journey, and finding myself in …

The chai-acter of the people much like that of those in Amsterdam. Joknstovm, west of Amsterdam on the Mohawk -- extent, 1 1 by 8 miles. It contains one Scotch Presl^yterian congregation, who have an elegant meeting-house. Simon Hosack, Pastor of the Chh, a gent, of learning and piety, educated at Edinburgh. This is a very respectable congregation. Tlie town contains an …

Near the center of this town Ouctanunda Creek empties into the Mohawk -- a very fertile and useful stream. On tliis stream and in this town their stands 4 grist mills, 2 oil mills, one iron forge, and 3 saw mills. The soil in these 4 towns is, a little back from the river, a rich silicious earth -- very productive in wheat and grass. Timber,-- beach, maple, elm, and hemlock …

Before the people retired, I was urged by a number to visit the north part of the town, in which there is a large body of people; and as it is in the corner of tliree towns, concerning which I wish to obtain information, I concluded to visit them, and to preach a lecture to-morrow iu the afternoon, and from thence to go on to Utica. I find that I am treated with great respect …

P«/G)'TOe, west of Johnstown and Mayfield; extent 15 by 12 miles. -- A place called Sto7U Arahia is in tliis town, and contains one Lutheran Chh, and one Dutch reformed Chii. Mr Lubauch is minister of the latter, and M' Crotz of t]>.e former. 4 miles west of Stone Arabia, in tlie same town of Palatijie, is a refoimed liUtheran chh, to whom M'' Crotz preaches part of tlie time …

The Albany stage arrived at the public house which I now am at, 1 o'clock last night ; thro' the unaccountable carelessness of the driver, I soon found that the small box ot books was missing, and to complete my misfortunes and anxiety, I found that, contrary to my directions, the boxes had been placed behind tlie stage from Palatine, and that the bottom of the large box had …

I accidentally fell in company with the Rev^ M^ Sergeants of New-Stockbridge-- could have, however, but little time with him. He thinks the best missionary ground is between Fort Stanwix and the Oneida. Before I go to Utica I have concluded to visit Fairfield and Norway. About 3 o'clock I left the River, travelled 8 miles, and called on some of the principal men in Fairfield …

There is one methodist clili, -- numerous ; 2 Baptist chhs.,and part of a 3<i, -- no meeting houses. From the south line of the town to the utmost extent of the settlements is about 16 miles. The people almost universally inclined to hear preacliing -- of their various sects. I have concluded to visit this place, and several other towns in this quarter, near the close of my …

There is one baptist chh in Whitesborough -- who have a preacher by the name of Parsons. This congregation have a meeting-house ; and the Presbyterians are building one in Whitesborough. There is none in Utica. The boxes of Books liave not come on ; and as I cannot with consistency go upon missionary ground again until they arrive, 1113 MiSSlOxNAUY TOUR TlIllOUGH THE I have …

They think that the objects of the missionary societies are not so well assisted by passing on rapidly -- there should be time to form an acquaintance with the people, and to inspire their confidence. When societies shall have obtained accurate information of the state of new settlements, it is conceived by these gents to be the best and most prudent course to send a man into …

Piety is very much encouraged in it -- and some young gent, have become preachers who have received educations in it. There is in y« town a few Universalists, and one small baptist chh., but not a suIScient number to have any influence. In the society of Paris, of which Clinton is a part, M»' Steel is pastor ; he is said to be a good, and reputable man -- he lias a respectable …

Here may be found people of ten, or 12 different nations, and of almost all religions and sects ; but the greatest part are of no religion. The world is the great object with the body of people. Monday 2o., Utica. The books have not yet arrived from the Little Falls -- but wiU be on the next stage. I have agreed with M'" Sol. Goodrich to take the charge of them at Utica …

They have their quarterly meetings, sacraments, and love-feasts. The last meeting was on the 4th July -- liad their sacrament in the woods -- began their meeting on Saturday morning, and continued until Sunday night. There were 6 preachers ['resent. In this meeting 6 persons fell down -- in a manner similar with the falling down in Kentucky -- and after lying 20 or 20 minutes …

I intend to return to this place, and distribute more books, for I think they are exceedingly needed. Preached in the evening to about 100 people, a mixture of Methodists, Baptists and Presbyterians. Text-- Acts, 2C"' 28i'' & 29th. My object was to sliow^ t'r.e distinction between the almost, and the altogether christiitn. The audience was attentive. At the close, I read the …

By the account given tlie people are raised to the liighest pitch, and they sink under a violent sp.cck, occasioned by some sudden and unexpected and new alarm of the preacher, &c. Afternoon, at Trenton, 6 miles N. east of Floyd -- put up with the Rev<' M'' Fisli, a gent, who was once settled in Connecticut Farms in N. Jersey, and is now employed part of the time by the people …

M^ Fish tells me that tliere are 4 families near him who are destitute of bibles and are poor. Gave an order for 4 bibles, 10 catechisms, 4 of Janeway's Tokens, and 10 of Dodridge's Addresses, and left it in the hands of M^' Fish, who will see that they are disposed of accordhig to the wishes of the Society. I this day was overtaken by M^' Taggart. After obtaining all the …

Friday, Uh. -- Spent the day in visiting a number of families, and a School of about 35 children. Appointed a communion lecture. Saturday 1th. -- Visited various families. Afternoon, preached to an attentive audience. Appearances agreeable. Sunday, 8th. -- Communion. Most of the baptists present. Baptised 6 children -- had a chh. meeting after services -- and apparently, and I …

Tlie people appear to be poor, but very considerate; and I lia^ e reason to believe there is more i^iety in Stuben, in proportion to the N" of inhabitants, than in any town on Connecticut Eiver. I iind the schools very destitute of books of all kinds. This people are progressing, however, very rapidly towards good order and good schooling. No meeting-liouse. The chh. being in …

Previous to tlieir meetings the Sabbath was almost wliolly disregarded by ye great body of the people, and they were but little removed from a heathenish state ; but that now, whatever disorders tliere may be in their meetings, they appear to have become moral in all their conduct, and to be impressed in their minds with a sense of Divine tilings. Gen. Floyd thinks that many …

Ibth S'unday. -- Preached to a large congregation for this part of the world -- between 3 and 400 people present. Had an unusual freedom in preacliing. Tlie people were attentive. Here is a congregational chli. of about 18 persons, wlio meet on the Sabbath, and have 2 or 3 excellent cliaracters -- men whose gifts ai-e extraordinary, and who Iiave great knowledge, for common …

Anderson for 10 catachisms, 10 Addresses, and 4 Tokens for children, to be distributed by him to the most needy. I am now^ at y^ end of y® northern road in this town. Wednesday \mh. Rode 12 miles. Found Mr. Taggart at Esq'". Hathaway's. This town contains about 1600 inliabitants, much scattered, and of various sects. There is here a chh. of about 16 persons. They sometimes …

It is thought that not more than \ of the people who live in the village attend public worship at any time. The people are too proud to be religious. Many of them are people who have become something from nothing. Gave one of Dod Addresses and one of Lothrop's Fast Sermons to Esq"" Hathaway, Jo be circulated in the neighborhood Gave an order to M' Taggart for y^ people in …

They tlien appoint lectures once a fortnight regularly for 6 months, and as there are no preachers in those towns, the people attend during the 6 months they are as regular as the congregational or presbyterian clergy ; and they are unwearied in their endeavours to gain the good will of the people. At the end of 6 months they bring the matter to a close, by taking the names of …

Gave an order to Deacon Mathews for one vol. of Select Sermons, one of Doddridge's Addresses, and 10 catechisms. Visited one school -- gave 5 catechisms to the instructress for tlie use of the children wWle she is their teacher, and when she leaves the school to give one of them to the child yt shall have made the most progress, and the others to the most needy. Gave an …

I accordingly ivrote them a confession of Faith and a Covenant, and after examining them as to their views and objects in forming, and after they liad made the confession of faith, and entered into covenant, I declared them to be a regular chh. of Clirist, and then led them to a clioice of Deacon, and ordained liim. Tliis body of Cliristians appear to be happily united in …

He receives nothing from the people. He has formed a chh. of 18 members -- a regular people -- all congregationalists. 31*' --Rode to Sandy Cree/c-- 33-- 25 of wliich a perfect wilderness. Here I found M'' Hackly -- once a preaclier, and indeed he now preaclies every Sabbatli to his own family. He is alone as to sentiments. The people are baptists from Rliode Island, and are a …

This is a new settlement ; extent 6 by 10 miles on the N. branch of Sandy creek, 8 miles from the lake. Began to be settled in y^ year 1800 -- contains now 75 families, and a number of young men who are making openings. No chh. 2 or 3 famihes of baptists, 3 or 4 Deists. Tlie people stand in special need of assistance, and most of them are very thankful for every thing which is …

Sunday bth. -- Preached in a mill -- a dreadful place to preach in, 96 persons present -- a small N^ evidently impressed with a sense of their sins. After the congregation were dismissed, a baptist very unexpectedly arose, and proposed a contribution at the lectui-e to-morrow, observing that they could not expect the continuance of such priviledges unless they showed a …

Two years since there were but 7 families in the town -- there are now 150. 9th. -- Rode a mile to the north, to visit a poor sick distressed family. Baptized 5 children, their mothe? being a member of the chh. at Paris, N. Y. Afternoon, preached at another part of the town -- 8 or 10 men present, and about 20 women and children. The people in this town appear to be very …

Sunday 1 2i5A.-- Preaclied to about 200 souls, and an attentive audience. After meeting brouglit the chli. to a choice of a Decon, and ordained him-- a Mr. Carter. Received one member to Communion-- baptised 5 children. After meeting rode a mile, and baptised 6 children wliose parents were so poor as not to be able to clothe them decently to appear in the congregation. The …

About 10 professors congregationalist, but none who are willing to undertake to perform on the Sabbatli, and the people in general attend on the baptists. Wednesday IS''*. -- Preached to about 60 persons. In this quarter of the town there is evidently an awakening. I conversed with the people, and instructed them about 2 hours aftei the service. Thursday 16tk. -- Rode to Turin …

The Society's comittee I think have made a mistake in sending so many bibles. It is very seldom that a family is found without one, and if there is, it is generally some deist who will not have one in his house. Dodridge's Addresses are greatly needed. Drew an order in behalf of the new chh. in Turin for one volume of Select Sermons, 2 of Janeways Tokens, 5 of Dodridges …

I think will increase and flourish. Deacon is a most excellent character and has great influence -- ^for 2 or 3 years he has preserved regular meetings on the Sabbath. The methodist and baptists appear to be a little vexed at y^ above proceedings. It is probable that the formation of a chh. will be the means of checking their progress. There are a goodly number of valuable men …

He soon obtained a school, and in about a fortnight set up preaching, and he pretends to preach every Sabbath. Wlio and what he is they know not -- but that he is some notorious villain I believe there is no doubt. Many of the people -- especially the wickedest part -- are very much attaclied to him. There is no chh. in town, and but one professor, wlio belongs to the chh. in …

When at Stuben I promised some books, and have now drawn an order and sent it to Deacon Milotsed, who will receive and dispose of the books according to my directions -- viz. one bible 2 of Janeway's Tokens, 10 of Dodridge, 20 catachisms, one of y^ Society's Addresses, and one fast Sermon. Drew also an order for the same No of books for the people in Remsen, and sucli of them …

The chh. is proceeding upon ye advice of M^" Alexander, which I think was very wrong. 2 of the best members of this chh. are become baptists in sentiment -- and they came forward and stated their difficulty between their consciences and their covenant -- and no one in y^ chh. supposes that they are not conscientious in ye matter -- and yet M'" Alexander advised the chh. not to …

29fA. -- Rode to Ma} field 10 -- put up with M"- Teneyck-- of him I have obtained the following information respecting missionaries in Canada -- wlio lias conversed with M' M'^Dole who has been a missionary in Canada 3 years since -- is now settled there -- who tliiuks that missionaries are greatly wanted. The people are perishing for a lack of knowledge. They are from United …

30M. -- Rode to Galoway, a part of New broad Alban, 8 miles. This town, like all others in this quarter, is very much divided. The Presbyterians are, however, taking measures for settling the Gospel by uniting with a part of Amsterdam. Oct. \st. -- Preached to 35 persons, at Deacon Otis's -- y^ people attentive. Visited several families. This town does not stand in great need …

This lies a little North of Sacondaga river, upon a branch of the Hudson, 50 miles Northwest of Albany. In the evening preached a lecture to 40 persons -- and appointed another on Wednesday 2 miles to y^ North. This is a large town ; but y« people are divided into 8 or 10 different sects ; and no one keeps up meetings upon ye Sabbath. It is probably as corrupt a place as Sandy …

Some appeared to be affected, and the preaching appeared to have some effect. As there is no other town in this county which needs assistance, I have concluded to leave missionary ground to-morrow. Before I came into this county I felt worried that I had reserved but 2 Sabbaths to be spent in it ; but now I find that I should have done well to have tarried one Sabbath more in …

Oct. 9'^ -- Rode to Bennington, 50 miles. Oct. lO^'^-- Preached, &c. Oct. 11 ^'i-- Rode to Halifax, 36 miles. Oct. 12«A-- At home. GENERAL REMARKS. July 2P* 1802.-- I this day passed thro' the affecting scene of parting with my family, for the term of three months, to journey into the Northern counties of New- York, and to perform the duties of a missionary. May I and my …

The high mountains, which present on all sides, apparently locking in with each other, -- the scattered fields upon those mountains -- the blooming appearance of vegetation -- and the valleys below filled with houses -- appearing to be sunk so low, as to be almost lost, was a prospect that led me into a train of agreeable and elevated reflections. Having passed down the …

Passing oft' this stony and hard ground, I came down into Greenbush, a level country -- for about 4 miles from the mountains the soil appears to be good -- from thence to the river it is too sandy. Albany, Jm/3/ 23, oi Trohridge's. -- At 11 o'clock left Albany. From Albany to Schenectada is a barren sandy plain -- the road very bad in consequence of sand -- but 3 or 4 houses …

Tripe's, or Tribe's hill, about 20 miles above Schenectady, we have the prospect of a few hundred acres of excellent meadow, which was formerly the seat of the famous Hendrick, the sachem of the Mohawks. The ancient and elegant seat of Sir- William Johnson I passed about 4 miles back. This is commonly called the Old fort. On Tribe's hill, I had great satisfaction and pleasure …

The articulation even of New-England people, is injured by their being intermingled with tlie Dutch, Irish, and Scotch. The character of the Dutch people, even on first acquaintance, appears to be that of kindness and justice. As to religion, they know but Uttle about it -- and are extremely superstitious. They are influenced very much by dreams, aiid apparitions. The most …

When the corpse is placed in the street, a tune is sung by a choir of singers appointed for the purpose -- and continue singing until they arrive at the grave; and after the body is deposited, they have some remarks made -- return to ye house, and in general get drunk. 12 men are bearers -- or carriers -- and they have no relief. No will is opened, nor debt paid, under 6 weeks …

The soil, however, appears to be in general excellent -- the country is a little more uneven than it is back in Amsterdam. After travelling about 10 miles in a tolerable road, I came to Stonearabe (or Robby as the Dutch pronounce it.) This is a parish of Palatine, and is composed principally of High Dutch, or Germans. Passing on 4 miles, came upon the river in another parish …

Neither is the corn tended-- it is in general full of weeds and grass, and looks miserably. Rie is large. Flax does not appear to be good -- whether this is owing to the season or the soil, I know not. Pease appear to flouiish -- so do oats; but tlie soil, I believe, is too hard, and clayey for Potatoes-- they look very sickly. I perceive, as yet, but one great defect in the …

When we come to the river, there is only a narrow pass for about fths of a mile between the river and the foot of the rocks. When we come to the Falls the scene which presents is sublime. We now enter Plerkimer county-- and a small village of the town of Herkimer, called Little Falls, by which the canals pass, which were constructed in '95. The length of the canal is f'''^ of …

1132 MISSIONARY TOUR THROUGH THE rrom the appearance of the rocks, and fragments of rocks where the town is built, it is, I think, demonstrably evident, that the waters of the Mohawk, in passing over that fall, w^ere 80 or 90 feet higher in some early period than they are now. Y« Rocks even an hundred feet perpendicular above y^ present high water mark, are worn in the same …

Ic is worthy of remark, that these highlands, in this part of tl.e world, which at a distance appear to be mountains, w^hen jou ajiproacli them, dwindle into mere gradual and gentle ascents ; and there is but a mere trifle of unprofitable land to be found in the country. Tliere is a great similarity in the nature of the soil -- it is a loam with a little sand -- mingled with a …

About 3 miles from the center of Norway, we go down from the uplands, and come upon Wliite Creek, a very useful stream. Here the hills are rugged. We rise from the creek again into uplands -- pass on a few miles, and go down upon Canada creek. This is \ \ \ m LJlf li 't^ ^ ^ ^ n -- ^ -- r-mj ® i -f^ g.^ n - •S m € r 1 l=r ^ 1 5.1 ? ri: =] f :;i mi ^ '^-^- MOHAWK AND BLACK …

From thence we go about 6 miles to the river road -- pass a few miles in Deerfield, and pass the Mohawk in Utica. This is a very pleasant and beautiful vilage ; but it is filled with a great quantity of people of all nations and religions. I put up at M'" Baggs' -- saw the lady of the Hon. C. Phelps Esqr on her way from Canadaigua to Suffield, in a common Dutch waggon, covered …

Meeting with Mitchel and liis family was a pleasing scene. In all this part of the country there is no waste land ; and indeed the original Whitestown-- appears to be the garden of the world. Was treated witli the greatest kindness and attention in Capt. Mitchel's family -- whicli, as far as I am able to judge, is in a good situation. His farm is now in the bloom, and its …

I know not what remarks to make upon the inhabitants of this town -- a half a dozen excepted, they seem to be the fag-end of man in disorder, and confusion of all kinds. The baptists have some regularity ; but the methodists are producing the scenes which are transpiring in Kentucky. Women liere metliodists, pray in their families instead of y« men -- and witli such strengtli …

The land is tolerable -- some of it very good -- ^weU watered -- about 130 voters. -- Found on some of as high land as any in the town, rocks and stones containing sea shells petrified into stone, and forming parts of stones. This is another evidence that the Mohawk at the Little Falls was once obstructed by the rocks -- and yt the lands in this town were a part of a large …

W. the tops. It is said that upon yo tops of yc trees Ontario is in sight. Upon this height of land, I found in a number of places sea shells which form constituent T\ \h V -- > ' >>j ^ X ^ ,..r 1 Mil ll ^ ^ 1 ^ ?' M -5 P ^ ^ 1© '^ h ' ra 1 "^ '^ ^.; m b li rn [71 rn m m til 6t^ /i^or/s. M liiii 'Vl n m rnRf^f^rnm m el U ^llj liJ L'J ^l^cl J /OJioffs. \ / 1 ^ 1 1 ^U I'l L'J …

Between this and CHnton is about 4 miles of low flat land -- very rich, and heavy timbered. Unsettled ; and, indeed, but a very little part of this county is settled. A considerable part of ye lands which are settled, are to hire on lease -- the inhabitants have not y^ right of soil. 10$ is the common price for 100 acres annual rent ; but most of these leases are for …

A few rods from this swamp, we find the place of his former residence -- of which I have taken a rough drawing. This is a very healthful situation. The house faces the south-- and there is a gradual descent for about 80 rods, and an opening about 50 rods wide. The seat of this great man was not indeed a palace, nor what we should suppose would afford contentment to the mind of …

In about 2 miles from this Eastern settlement in this town, we come to another settlement, in which we find Gen. Floyd, one of the signers of Independence, and one of }■« members of Congress during tlie whole of the American war with great britain. He is about 70 years of age-- retains in full his powers of mind. He spends the summers in this place, and tlie winters on his …

Friday, \Uh. -- Passed on 4 miles to the west to a settlement on the bend of ye Mohawk -- a flat and rich country -- land here a black loam; -- it is a meadow, and much of it is made ground. Crossed the Mohawk, and put up with Esq'^ Wicks -- treated witli the greatest respect. A woman by the name of Anderson called to see me-- she was a bush of Enfield-- a M^ Wills, originally …

tliick -- ^log-houses may be found in every direction. The people appear to be cheerful, and are all under the influence of a hopa of better times -- the happiest situation, I believe that men can be in. Over all the face of this country, may be found in great plenty the petrified sea sliells -- some in rocks, and some in stones. Timber -- ^is beech and maple, generally ; some …

Tlie people are not allowed to take them with seins, but stabs. This river is peculiar. Y© banks, for miles, are almost perpendicular -- and are from 50 to 150 feet above the water. It is very rapid, and rocky. It arises from a pond in which ye salmon spawn. This part of the town is on high lands; yet y^ ascent is so gradual as hardly to be perceivable. We are now in sight of …

It is a very great singularity, that the waters of the MohaAvk and those of Wood Creek, which run in opposite directions, should liere come within a mile of each other -- and should admit of a communication by water through canals. This communication is of incalculable benefit to this part of the world. Produce may be sent both ways. Sunday, after meeting, took tea at Pease's …

Here we find but small openings. There are but 40 families in the town. Tlie first opening made here was in 1800. The land is tolerable, but not the best : excellent farms may, however, be obtained at 3 dols. per acre. The settlers here appear to be an orderly, well disposed people, principally from Connecticut. The first settlers have an exceedingly hard time of it for …

timbered -- beech, maple, hemlock, bass, and ash -- level country. We now come upon Salmon River, abounding in fish of this kind, and trout. Redfield began to be settled a year ago -- contains 80 famiUes -- lies on Salmon River -- a good township -- have a minister -- it will be a central town. The people all of one sentiment -- a good plan for new settlers. Land 3 dolls …

Crossed the river -- turned to the east ; in about half a mile came to the old fort ; examined it, and found myself lost in conjectures. Rode 4 miles to M^. Hockley's on the North branch. This is about 4 miles above the junction of the 2 branches -- about 4 1 miles from Ontario. This is as fine a tract of country as I think I ever saw. It is heavy timbered ; but the land is as …

1140 MISSIONARY TOUR THROUGH THE 5 sides, and 5 gateways -- is about 20 rods from the river -- ^npon the N. bank ; 1400 or 1500 rods to the North-East. Near the North branch, is another Fort ; West of which 150 or 200 rods there is an intrenchment lately found, half a mile in length, in a straight line -- and also a breastwork. 2^ north of this, is another fort, regularly …

Some of this is planted with corn, and produces abundantly : but in consequence of their being so much grass and other productions, •which cannot be gathered, the people are in the fall of ye year liable to a distressing fever -- much more malignant and dangerous than the common fever and ague. It is this season hitherto healthy -- none have the fever, excepting a few wlio …

An evidence of this country having been formerly settled, beyond what has been mentioned, is tliis -- European productions -- and such as would be left by an improved people, are found here -- as currants black and red, angelica, plantain, English pursely, high balms, peppermint, and indeed almost everything which is found od Connecticut river. There are in the marsh, hewn and …

Sept. 1** -- I have this day rode a mile and a half into the woods to examine the remains of another fort ; and I am truly thrown into a wilderness of conjecture. The fort lies upon 2 sides of a small creek, which is about the centre between the N. and S. branches of Sandy creek. It is an irregular fort, but was built with a good deal of art. The ditch is at present in many …

Within the walls upon each side of the creek there are wells, or peculiar springs which answered for wells. 1 am in doubt whether those appearances are such as give sufficient evidence that they are the effects of art. Upon the west side of the creek tlie well is at the corner of ye fort -- and upon the top is about 9 rods round. It descends, and is very steep until it comes …

Most of the people from Connecticut. Visited a f.rt 1 ^ miles from the river. No --This fort was built in y^ same manner with the others. It stands upon ye east side of a marsli, which was evidently once a pond. The w^all begins upon the top of the bank, and is 300 paces round to the bank, where it ends. Tl^-e base of the angle is 120 paces-- probably tlie bank was picketed …

Every thing which is put into the ground grows as rank as i)ossible ; but the people are yet very poor -- liaving been on but 2 years. Deer, salmon and trout very plenty. Tliis is 8 miles in a direct line from the lake. Salmon run up every freshet, and ye people can easily take them with spears. But 3 families in this town the winter before the last. I find by intelligent …

Tliis is a most stupendous work and could not have been eifected without iron tools. In this country may be found growing wild, and in great plenty, hops, grapes, cranberries, plums, strawberries, gooseberries, blackberries, raspberries, currants, plantain, dock, yarrow, spikenard, sarsaparilla, mullen, burdock, dock, English pursley, French sorrel, peppermint, common mint …

By whom were those works wrouglit 1 Not by the natives, surely ; because in various parts of tliis county iron implements are dug and ploughed up. And if the natives ever had the art of working iron, it is not probable they would lose an art so useful. Further, nothing ever appeared in the natives which indicated so much improvement in the art of self defence, as to build …

What has become of tliis people ? and why have we no liistories of guch a nation as must have inliabited this part of the world 1 Were these the works of the ante-diluvians -- or is this the land of Nazareth, to which Esdras says the ten tribes travelled, and were an hundred and twenty days on their journey 1 Or is it the Vineland of the emigrant Sweeds, who returned to their …

Probably if a knowledge of those ancient people is ever obtained, it will be derived from inscriptions on stones or metals, which may have withstood the rust of time. In passing from No 7 to 1S° 3, we follow a branch of the creek for several miles -- or ride in a valley. The hills on each side of the creek are high for this part of the world. From the creek, about 20 or 30 …

The fortification is about 90 paces across. The form may be seen by the drawing. From N* 1, or Brownsville, there is a constant trade by boats carried on with Montreal, Kingston, and Quebec, principally in flour, pot and pearl ashee. The voyage is performed as iur as Kingston in a day -- and from ^[ontreal in about a week. Business is opening very fkat. r ^ » : -'■'' …

9"^ -- Eode 1 mile to the North to visit a poor and distressed family -- and baptised 5 children, -- the mother being a member of the chh. at Paris, -- viz : Joseph, Thomas, Mathus, Hendon, Chancy, Eunice, Loisa, -- children of M^ Sol. Tuttle and Sarah Ills wife. TMs town is on rather elevated land -- the headwaters of several small branches of Sandy Creek, are found here …

It is a gulf in Deer River. We walked f^i's of a mile from the road, on the rocks on the bed of the river. The rocks are limestones, and smooth, with here and there a large crack. Th.e river lias worn the rock on an average about 20 feet deep -- Slid bed of the river 13 about 9 or 10 rods wide. At present there is on each side of the stream about 3 rods of fine walking when …

The cord hung perpendicular, and I was then 24 feet from the base of the rock. The cord measured 155 by a square. 15 rods below the falls, the perpendicular rock is about 40 feet higher than where we measured. At the bottom where the water strikes, it is 120 feet wide. About 25 rods below this, there is a place where it is possible for people to get down; but extremely steep …

Tliese rocks are singular. They aj.pear to be laid up in the most exact and curious manner. The stones in some places in couises of 4 feet wide, are an inch, and half inch square at the ends, and may be taken out about 8 inches long, in y« shape of horn s-- and tliey are said indeed to be most excellent hones; others ai-e 2, 3, and 4 feet wide, and from G to 12 inches thick …

We travel about 2 miles and | with tliese appearances ; and then come perpendicular rocks, which appear to be laid up like y^ most exact hewn stone of different widths, and lengths -- and perfectly square. These works become nigher together until they are witliin 9 feet of each other, both at toj) and bottom, The gulf, or walls, are here 100 feet perpendicular. We are now 30 …

These are not lime-stones in general ; but of a consistency between clay and flint, and are exceeding liard and thick, I think that the pliilosopher and the historian will be puzzled to account for those facts. Surely they open a wide field for contemplation, and conjecture. In examining the above gulf, I was happy in having tlie company and assistance of Major Bush and Capt …

The people are poor, and too much of ye land is leased. ^The Americans never can flourish when on leased lands -- they have too much enterprise to work for others, or to remain tenants -- and where they are under the necessity of living on such lands I find that they are greatly depressed in mind, and are losing their animation. From Boon's settlement, 13 miles to Remsen,is a …

In some parts you will find townships quite level, and in others hilly ; but there is no waste land from liills -- which are gentle ascents in most places, on a rich, productive soil. It appears to be a white clay, bordering upon a mai-l mingled with a black loam. In some places you find rotten slate, or rather clay stones. Over all this country sea-shells are found of almost …

MOHA^VK AND BLACK RIVER CODKTKIES, 1149 measured, which was 11 1 in height. It, however, does not appear to be so stocky as corn in Deerfield meadows. They tell me it produces from 40 to 70 bushels the acre. It would not answer here, however, to tend corn in this manner after ye first year of its being cleared -- it would become weedy. Crops of all kinds appear to flourish …

The equality of circumstances cuts off a great proportion of the evils which render men unhappy in improved societies, and the influence of hope is very apparent. I do not know that I have seen an unhappy person for 90 miles on this river. There is no complaining of hard times; but every one is cheerful and contented -- for they all foresee, that in a few years they will have …

From Gal way to Northampton, 18 miles many good farms; but there is no land here like that on Blaclv river and Sandy Creek. Put up "vvith a Dutcli deacon -- liad a dinner of boiled squash, swimming in butter, sweetened a little; and with this mess the family mixed vinegar in great plenty. Tliis is a poor country -- too sandy, and dry: and the inliabitants may in general be …

J., wliere he was so scandalized at the indecent conduct of Ld. Cornbury and his Lt. Gov., that he refused to admit tlie latter to the Lord's Supper. For this he was imprisoned, but having contrived to escape from jail, lie embarked for England. The ship, in which he Avas a passenger, foundered at sea, and he, Avith all on board, unfortunately, perished. The first rector of …

AnilreAvs, was a missionary in Schenectady, where he also kept a sjhool, as late as ]773, but his heallli failing-, from the labors at'endant on these avocations, he was oblige ! to resign his charge. He removed to AVilliamsburgh, Va., but learning that the mission at Johnstown was vacant, by the retirement of the Rev. Mr. Mosley, pastor of that place, he immeiliateiy applied …