Large numbers of granite boulders are found here, both inland and on the coast ; also some fine quarries of white marble, and two silver and gold mines at Sing Sing and Peekskill." According to the late geographical survey the principal minerals are, white marble, iron ore, galena, sulphate of barytes, copper, iron and zinc, oxide of manganese, green carbonate of copper, serpentine, calcareous spar, phoshate of lime, hydrate and carbonate of magnesia, quartz, drusy, calcedony, agate, jasper, hyroxene, hornblende, asbestos, actynolite, homolite, hyderous anthophylite, felspar, stilbite, garnet, epicote, chenite, tourmaline, sphene, vandquelemite, magnetic pyrites, chromate of iron, red ochre and red chalk.

The natural growth of wood is very extensive, especially upon the higher lands. Among the principal varieties may be enumerated the White Oak, (Quercus Alba,) Red Oak, (Quercus Rubra,) Pin Oak, (Quercus Paluster,) and the Black Oak, (Quertetron ;) the White Elm, (Ulmus Americana ;) Red or Slippery Elm, (Ulmus Fulva,) and the

o See Spafford's Gazetteer of N. Y.

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INTRODUCTION.

Witch Elm, (Ulmus Montana;) the Plane or Buttonwood, (PUtanus;) the Ash, ( Traxinus) ; Basswood, Lime or Linden, (Zelia) ; Beach, (Tagus) ; Birch, (Betula) ; Maple, (Acer) ; Locust, (Robinia ); Chestnut, (Castanea); Walnut, (Juglans) ; Hickory, (Carya); the Whitewood or Tulip, (Liriodendron) ; Dogwood, (Cornus) ; Hemlock or Spruce, and the Red Cedar, (Juniperus.)

"This County suffered severely during the Revolution. The whole southern part was marked by the marches, works of defence, or skirmishes and battles of hostile armies ; and, indeed, the active operations of the war in 1776 were principally confined to this region, and in the Autumn to this County -- and the two armies were in full force, constantly on the alert, and under the eyes of their respective Commanders-in-Chief. And this, too, was probably the most interesting period of the war, though attended with no exploits of very brilliant fame.