It is a fair example showing what can be done to arouse interest by the judicious embellishment of charts, especially of those for wall exhibits intended to reach a miscellaneous audience having an average of rather limited education. Note the smokestacks in Fig. 51. The smoke-stack at the left is the same height as the bar for the year 1906-07, and the taller smoke-stack at the right the same height as the bar for 1912-13. As this drawing was made for a wall exhibit to show the co-operation of manufacturing companies with the college, the pictorial embellishment seems quite justifiable and useful to attract attention to this particular exhibit. A pictorial

GRAPHIC METHODS

effect also relieves monotony in a large exhibition which may have hundreds or even thousands of different charts and other wall exhibits. Fig. 52 was shown in conjunction with Fig. 51 with the idea of pointing out that the number of students in the University of Cincinnati had increased just as (according to Fig. 51) the number of firms co-operating in the engineering work of the University had

increased in the same time.

The bars in Fig. 51 and Fig. 52 are placed vertically, each bar representing a year. This vertical arrangement of bars permits reading the chart as if a curve had been made by drawing a line through the tops of all the bars. Curves are the common language of engineers and statisticians. In order that the bars may be read as curves, it is desir-