Bacon, Edgar Mayhew. The Hudson River from Ocean to Source: Historical, Legendary, Picturesque. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1903.

Here General Armstrong, the boy hero of the Revolution, father-inlaw of William B. Astor and ex-Secretary of War, lived in 1S04, previous to his departure as Minister to the French Court, leaving a small marble fireplace, the first ever seen in Kingston, as a memorial of his residence; and here, last spring. General Arthur, the Republican candidate for Vice-President, bowed …

There are many other buildings and several localities of special interest to those who love the mild anticjuities of our brand-new country -- the Academy, founded in 1774, in which De Witt Clinton and Thomas De Witt, Edward Livingston, Stephen Van Rensselaer, and Abram Van Vechten received their early education; the stone Court House, built in 1S18 upon the site of a much …

Livingston, and the mother of the distinguished chancellor of that name, as well as of Janet, the wife of General Montgomery. The old Senate House was at one time occupied by Chancellor Livingston and by General Armstrong, the " boy hero of the Revolution," who was afterwards United States Senator and Secretary of War. Governor Clinton married Cornelia Tappen of Kingston, and …

diers of George III. to take possession of the region above West Point, either to ereate a diversion in favour of Burgoyne, then face to face with Gates near Saratoga, or to co-operate with him according to agreement. Sir Henry Chnton did not proceed in person fc>-with the expedition up the ri\'er, but left the command to General Vaughan and Sir James Wallace, who were …

There is an admiral^le ring of courage in the note written at this time to the Council of Safety by Clinton: " I am persuaded, if the militia will join me, we can save the country from destruction and defeat the enemy's design of assisting the northern army." A new and definite evidence of this design had been strangely received by the Governor about the time of the penning of …

He saw here and there at villages and hamlets, and even single residences on the river shore, marauding parties of British at work, their motions being marked by flames and depredation, but he could not move rapidly enough to intercept them. When General Vaughan and his force landed from their vessels, a little body of about a hundred and fifty militia opposed them at …

One of the Dutchmen, in running ]:)lindl\' forward, stepped u])on the teeth of a rake, whereupon, according to the time-honoured custom of rakes when their teeth are stepped on. the handle sprang up and rapped him on the head. That was too much for overwrought ner\'es. Thinking that the enemy had overtaken him, the fugitive fell upon his knees, shouting, " I gifs up -- I gifs …

The smoke and flame spread consternation among the inhabitants of other villages, and fugitives from the destroyed town sought asylum among the hills and in remote places. The spectacle of Kingston burning must have moved with rage and pity the stout hearts of Putnam and Clinton, on opposite sides of the river, witnesses to a calamity they were powerless to avert. Clinton had …

The intention of the enemy was evidentl}^ to advance to Albany, which seemed doomed to share the fate of Kingston, and there to effect that conjunction with Burgo}^ne which was the object of the expedition. But Burg03me was in no condition to co-operate with any armv. The diversion had come too late. Almost Rondout an( Kin^^ston 465 simultaneoush' with the mo\-ements of CHnton …

The deep mouth of the creek, sheltered yet accessible, furnished one of the most convenient harbours for the river boats, and the fertile and pleasant lands were inviting to the farmer. But farmers do not make villages, and facilities for the landing of boats do not make trade. The Indian traffic in peltries, which in the first centur\' of its growth had been so important an …

Rondout and Kingston 467 its incorporation and sixty-three after the great fire, the total population of Kingston and Rondout together did not much exceed fifty-five hundred souls. In the succeeding thirty years, however, the population had increased fourfold, while the population of Ulster Count}' in the same ]3eriod had doubled. This increase was in |)art due to the …

The hills that face Rondout Creek are honeycombed with galleries from wliich cement is obtained. The ciuarries for bluestone and flagging extend for nearly ninety miles through the region of countr\' for which the canal furnishes the outlet. Besides this, several railroads either touch at this place or make it a terminal station, and a fleet of steamboats equal in number to a …

John Vanderlyn, the celebrated painter, was born in Kingston late in the eighteenth century. He was first apprenticed to a waggon-painter, and the genius that was in him developed in spite of this prosaic occupation. For several years he struggled >to reconcile his vocation with his avocation, to possess his soul while laying smooth panels of coach varnish and striping wheels …

At first their national language and form of worshi]) distinguished them from their Dutch neighbours, but gradually, in the course of several generations, both of these distinguishing ])eculiarities were forgotten and the descendants of Dubois, Hasbrouck, Lefever, Bevier, Crispell, and then* companions could not be distinguished except by name from those of Ten Broeck, Van …

The Rosendale begins its course far in the interior, and, uniting with the Wallkill, then rapidly passes on till it unites with the Hudson. So with the Esopus Creek; its source is among the mountains of the Delaware, whence it rushes furiously onward until it reaches Marbletown ; from thence it runs northerly until it mingles with the Hudson at Saugerties, Ulster County. About …

Dalhe, from New York, visited New Paltz, January 26, 1683, and occasionally conducted services for them. Their then house of worship was a stone edifice, where thev worshipped eighty years, when it was demolished. . . . The Huguenots finally, by intermarriages and intercourse with the Dutch, adopted their language, manners, and customs, and finally gave up their French church …

The "Little Sawyer," who established himself on the bank of a stream some ten miles above Kingston and antedated the earliest settlers whose names are recorded, has been referred to in old accounts as de Zaagertje and his mill as Zaargertje's, of which Saugerties is a simple corruption. What the object of the sawyer's coming was, for whom his logs were sawn, or where they were …

Brink had been a prisoner among the Indians after the horrible Esopus massacre in 1663 ; but, with twenty- two fellowcaptives, he managed to escape from the hands of the savages. A few other hardy Dutch frontiersmen took up land between the great Hardenbergh patent and the river. A large holding to the north of Saugerties was known as Fullerton's tract, upon which afterwards …

We read of the subjugation of the Mohegans and their aUies by the Mohawks and the estabHshment of their overlordship or suzerainty, and we can understand how the latter compelled the adversaries of the Dutch to surrender prisoners that they had taken. Near the beginning of the eighteenth century, at the same time that a purchase (elsewhere referred to) was made of Judge …

This alone should for ever set at rest the common notion that they were illiterate peasants. Poor they were certainly, the victims of persecution that seemed to follow them even from their own land in the lower Palatinate, on the Rhine, across the seas, at first to England and afterwards to America. The statesmen of Qtieen Anne's time anticipated that the labour of the …

Fortv thousand dollars had been expended in the experiment by the British government, and a hundred and thirty thousand more from Governor Hunter's private pocket; but at length the whole scheme of colonisation was acknowledred to be a failure, and the colonists were Saugerties and its Neighbours 475 permitted to mcn'e where they pleased or to buy the lands upon which they …

West Camp (Newton) is given in translation by Benjamin Myer Brink, in his History of Saugerties, as follows : Know traveller, under this stone rests, beside his Sibylla Charlotte, a real traveller, of the High Dutch in North America their Joshua, and a pure Lutheran preacher of the same on the east and west side of the Hudson River. His first arrival was with Lord Lovelace in …

We find ourselves in what may be known as the land of the Livingstons. Mr. Ellis H. Roberts points out that in the assembly of 1759, consisting of twenty-seven members, no less than four Livingstons sat: Philip for New York, WiUiam for the Manor, and Robert and Henry for Dutchess. By alHance by marriage with the Schuylers and the Jays, and by its wealth, the Livingston family …

Nothing now remains of the old manor-house which he erected at the mouth of Roeleff Jansen's Kill, or Ancram Creek. Six thousand acres of Robert Livingston's land was bought the same year that the grant w^as dated by the government for the use of the unfortunate Palatines. Early in the eighteenth century, the tenants of the Livingston Manor w^ere allow^ed one representative …

Fulton married a niece of Livingston's, whose own wife was the daughter of that John Stevens who owned most of the site of Hoboken, and sister of the second John Stevens, the builder of the first oceangoing steamer. The atmosphere in which he lived seems to have been surcharged with the spirit of invention. The origin of the fallacious tradition that the Clermont steamer was …

His birthplace was Dublin, Ireland; and at Dublin College he was educated, afterwards entering the British army. When his regiment, the 17th, was ordered for service in enforcing the Stamp Act in America, Montgomery, among others, resigned his commission. In 1772, or the early part of 1773, he came to New York, purchasing a farm near Kingsbridge, but that same year he married …

of Fifty from Dutchess County, and afterwards, upon the appointment of PhiHp Schuyler as Major-General, he was tendered the rank of Brigadier-General. His young wife was nearly overcome with emotion when he brought her the news of this appointment, but, quickly recovering herself, she with her own hands placed a ribbon cockade upon his hat and gave him such encouragement as a …

He had a difficult task in dealing with discontent and even instibordination among his troops, but his progress through Canada was triumphant, and he went to the attack of Quebec with a feeling that he " had courted fortune and found her kind." With his half-starved and half-naked little army, in the bitter cold of a Canadian winter morning, before the dawn, on the 31st …

After forty-three years the body of General Montgomery was delivered, through the courtesy of Sir John Sherbrooke, to Colonel Lewis Livingston, and, escorted by the Adjutant-General, with Colonel Van Rensselaer and a detachment of cavalry, it was brought to Albany and lay in state in the Capitol. The impressive ceremonies held there extended over the Fourth of July. Two days …

Montgomer}' was left alone upon the ]:)iazza of her home, "Montgomery Place." There, un watched, she coidd witness the pomp and ceremony of that melanchoh^ progress that, w4iile it could not fail to gratify her pride, yet renewed the anguish of her loss and brought the scalding tears to her aged eyes. The steamboat stopped before her house and the troops stood under arms as …

Paulding is to most Americans a scarcely remembered name, recalled only because of his association with Washington Irving in some youthful literary Saugerties and its Neighbours 4^S ventures. His pleasant home at Hyde Park was reehristened b_\' a subseciuent owner, as though to emphasise the vanity of popular reputation. An in(|uiry about the last scene of his earthly sojourn …

This was included in the Loverage patent. Beekman's, already alluded to, was in Kiskatom, adjoining Greene s. The land where the village of Catskill stands was included in Lindsay's patent. Silvester Salsbury and Martin G. Bergen, in 1677, purchased a large tract of land from the Indians. Salsbury was a British captain, who had charge of the fort at Albany in the time of …

It was built of brick, being a unique example of the use of this material in old Catskill. Benjamin Dubois had a wooden house, probably a roomy log-cabin, near the mouth of the creek; and others of the prominent men of the settlement were similarly housed. Among the names of the older Catskill families are Van Ordens, Van Vechtens, Overbaghs, Abeels, Oothoudts, Schunemans …

While thus exposed in the glare of the firelight, and no doubt thrown into confusion ])y the ruse that had du|jed them, they fell a read)' ])re}' to the arrows of the crafty Mohawks. In another narrative of this battle (one, it must be confessed, more in keeping with probabilities) , no mention is made of the strategy of the blankets and cam]3-fire. It is stated that the …

Rensselaer's agent, and Stuyvesant declared the title void, ordering that the purchase money be restored, \'et making a condition that if those holding such lands would, within six weeks, petition the Director and Council, they might have their holdings confirmed. Of course, this was a crafty effort on the Governor's part to make the too independent patroon of Rensselaerswyck …

Where these eadier inhal:)itants, whose wigwams occupied the terrace that l)eeame the site of old Catskill, betook themselves, is not recorded. The subsequent Indian troubles, which this ])lace shared with other river towns, were due to conflict with other tribes. The most tragic stories of Indian atrocities are of Revolutionary date. The fierce Mohawks, acting as allies with …

These people lived in a house about three miles back of Catskill. The father, who was old, had l)cen an Indian trader and understood the Mohawk tongue. When seated at their noonday meal one Sunday, the family was surprised by the sudden entrance of a number of Indians, led by a white man, painted and disguised, but recognised by the sharp eyes of the old Indian trader, who …

When the savages learned that he could converse with them in their own language, and had been among their j^eople as a trader, they treated him with consideration. The son was compelled to run the gauntlet, that is, to make what speed he could between two armed files of Indians, whose blows he might esca]3e by dodging. His father warned him that the yoimg men would try to get …

The stor}' of the captivity of these men is a romance, but too long for insertion here. The Snyders and Abeels met in Canada, and afterw^ards succeeded in making their escape together, subsequently returning to their homes. The capture of the boy Schermerhorn, known as the 'Tvow Dutch Prisoner," was attended with the horror of murder and arson. The old i;)eo|)le with whom he …

A man of great influence at that day was Domine Schuneman, whose pastorate of forty years had endeared him to the i^eople to such an extent that he was their leader in things temporal as well as spiritual. Mr. Schuneman was not of HoUandish descent, but had sprung from the German peasant blood of the Palatinate settlement. He, however, was a minister of the Dutch Church, and …

His funeral was in the good old Dutch manner, a medley of grief and junketing, of piety and punch. Each comer, man or woman, was met at the outset with a glass of rum, and, after a service in Dutch and a long procession on foot (the coffin upon an open bier leading the way), the assembled company returned to the house and, amid clouds of tobacco smoke and deep potations …

The man was tried for murder and found guilty, but through the influence of his family he escaped punishment, or, rather, the court decreed that he should be hanged when he attained the age of ninety-nine 3^ears. In addition to this sentence, he was to present himself annually to the judges when the court was in session, and wear always a cord about his neck as a memorial of …

The details of this story have no doubt been coloured, but there is a foundation in fact. The man in question did tie a servant to a rope, to make her return to his home, from which she had escaped; but he tied the other end of the rope to his own body and was himself dragged to the ground w^hen the horse ran awa}'. He gave himself up to the authorities, who, it is said …

Not as lofty as many of the famous chains that are celebrated by travellers, the Catskills have a rare beauty of their own and are fully worthy of the admiration of the artist or the poet. Irving says: Of all the scenery of the Hudson, the Kaatskill ^Mountains had the most witching effect on my boyish imagination. Never shall I forget the effect upon me of the first view of …

As Kingston cherishes in her hall of fame the name of John Vanderlyn, artist, so Catskill points with pride to Thomas Cole, who, though of English birth, yet for many years, and indeed to the close of his life, lived and worked near that ])lace. He is best known by the Voyage of Life, which at the time of its exhibition was considered. |:)erhaps, the most remarkable painting …

They procured some of this metal and Johannes de la Montague put it in a crucible. When assayed it produced gold, to the great delight of the Governor and his friends, who managed, upon the arrangement of peace, to send an exj^edition in search of the source of treasure. The result of the expedition was a bucketful of ore that yielded |)leasing results w^hen put to the …

Here closes the golden legend of the Catskills, but another one of a similar import succeeds. In 1679, about two years after the shipwreck of Wilhelmus Kieft, there was again a rumour of the precious metals in these mountains. Mynheer Brant Arent Van Slechtenhorst, agent of the Patroon of Rensselaerswyck, had purchased, in behalf of the Patroon, a tract of the Catskill lands …

Shortly after this a feud broke out between Peter Stuyvesant and the Patroon of Rensselaerswyck, on account of the right and title to the Catskill Mountains, in the course of which the elder Slechtenhorst was taken captive by the potentate of the New Netherlands, and thrown into prison at New Amsterdam. We have met with no record of any further attempt to get at the treasures …

To the modern mind its reason for being seems as deliciousl\ a1:)surd as anything in the inconsecjuent adventures of Alice in Wonderland. A little company of sturdy New England men, from Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, and Providence, decided in 1784 that they would found a city. The humour of the proposition lay in the fact that, being mighty in the handling of the harpoon and …

Its growth was i)henomenal, onl}' excelled, it is said, by that of Baltimore, and the ])roprietors Avaxed wealthy. For the large region of Columbia Count}' it became at once the distriliuting centre for all manner of merchandise, and after a while manufactures were established and prospered. The names of the ] )ro]3rictors were all familiar along the southern Massachusetts …

It is true that after the troublesome exi)erienees of the war, when their vessels had been captured and destroyed and their liberties menaced by the British enemv, they must have exi)erienced great satisfaction in hnding so safe a retreat ; 1 )ut it is also to Ijc believed that to eves accustomed to the unmitigated sand and unrelieved levels of Cape Cod, the green and fertile …

One can hardly realise to-day how considerable that trade was ; for while Hudson is still a place of many factories and some business acti\'it\\ it no longer holds the prominent rank it once did among the ri\^er towns. Claverack Creek enters the river a short distance north of the old city. Its name is deri\^ed from Klauver Rack, which is the Dutch for Clover Reach. Athens, a …

A hundred and fifteen years ago the Gazette of Hudson published, in Ma^^ the following news item: "Robert White was married to Betsie Harris on Tuesday, May I St. Who was brought sick on Wednesday, delivered of three children on Thursday, who all died on Fridav and w^ere buried on Saturday." And still the local authorities are uncertain whether this astonishing statement may …

Van Ness, the intimate associate of Aaron Burr and his second in the duel which resulted in the death of Alexander Hamilton. Washington Irving was a guest at Lindenwald during one period of which we ha\'e record, and not improbal:)l}' at other times. He is said to ha\'e niade there the acquaintance of the school-teacher, Jesse Merwin, who is credited with being the original of …

A few years ago the plain slab with its simple inscription, at the head of the grave, was replaced by a neat monument, and residents of the village take pride in exhibiting to strangers the grave of Ichabod Crane. Coxsackie station, on the east side of the river, communicates byferry with the village of that name upon the opposite bank. The Iroquois Indians called that part of …

Beerin, Beam, or Bear Island, as it has been variously called, is a little above Castleton and near the west bank of the stream. It is from various causes one of the best known of the many islands that diversify the river from Coxsackie north to the head of navigation. Itenjoys the distinction of being the birthplace of the first white child born to any of the earl}' settlers …

After a while a boat put off for land, and a stranger stepped on shore, a lofty, lordly kind of man, tall and dry, with a meagre face, furnished with huge moustaches. He was clad in Flemish doublet and hose, and an insufferably tall hat, with a cocktail feather. Such was the patroon Killian Van Renselaer, who had come out from Holland to found a colony or patroonship on a …

At length tidings came that the patroon of Rensselaerswyk had extended his usurpations along the river, beyond the limits granted him by their High Mightinesses: that he had even seized upon a rocky island in the Hudson, commonly known by the name of Beam or Bear's Island, where he was erecting a fortress to be called by the lofty name of Rensselaerstein. Wouter Van Twiller …

This done, he garrisoned it with a number of his tenants from the Helderberg, a mountain region, famous for the hardest heads and hardest fists in the province. Nicholas Koorn, his faithful scjuire, accustomed to strut at his heels, wear his cast-off clothes, and imitate his lofty bearing, was estal)lished in this i^ost as wacht meester. His duty it was to keep an eve on the …

Go vert Lockerman, a veteran Dutch skipper of few words but great bottom, was seated on the high poop, rjuietly smoking his pipe, under the shadow of the proud flag of Orange, when, on arriving abreast of Beam Island, he was saluted by a stentorian voice from the shore, " Lower thy flag, and be d d to thee!" Go vert Lockerman, without taking his pipe out of his mouth, turned …

Bang! went a third gun. The shot passed over his head, tearing a hole in the "princely flag of Orange." This was the hardest trial of all for the pride and patience of Govert Lockerman: he maintained a smothered, though swelling silence, but his smothered rage might be perceived by the short, vehement puffs of smoke he emitted from his pipe as he slowly floated out of shot and …

and how the whole c[uarrel hiially simmered down and died out, are told in the same racy fashion, and the narrative is altogether more vivid and more easy to remember and belie\-e than many a sol:)er page of history. The sober page of history relates that the Dutch built their first fort on the Hudson in 16 14 u])on an island at the mouth of Norman's Kill, and named the island …

Its only rivals in age are Jamestown and one or two of the Spanish towns of the far south. The genesis of its history will be found in the little trading station called Fort Orange, which was established in 16 14. The hardiness of the pioneers who gained this foothold in the remote wilderness may only be estimated when we recall the fact that the nearest neighbours of their …

van Rensselaer did, in the same year 1650, purcliase from the owners and proprietors, and them paid for a certain ])arccl of land, extending up the river South and North off from Fort Orange unto a little besouth of Moeneminnes Castle; and tlic land called Semesseeck lying on the East l)ank opposite Castle Island, up unto the aforesaid fort. Item, from Petanoch the millstream …

High and Mighty, to him Rensselaer and other Patroons of Colonies; that afterwards, the aforementioned West India Company's Director had indeed disquieted the Petitioners in the possession of the aforesaid hamlet or village, leaving in the meanwhile the Petitioners only in the possession of the remainder of their aforesaid Colonic. That in the year 1664, New Netherland and …

Three tracts of land were chosen, one in Delaware, one in New Jersey (at Pavonia), and the third in the immediate neighbourhood of Fort Orange. The last-named tract became in time the site of several thriving cities and villages, among which Albany, Troy, and Lansingburg are the most important. Under the act of 1629, styled a "Charter of Freedoms and exemptions," Van …

While other colonies were either maintaining an ai)athetic silence or else comi3laining bitterly of the hardships of their lot and the difficult}^ of sustaining life without aid from the company or government that i)lanted them, the long reports of the great advantages and rich fertility of Rensselaerswyck stirred the imagination of many a seventeenth-century Boer. Other …

But though the Company had backed the Go\'ernor in his action, the StatesGeneral, before whom the matter was finally brought, decided that Fort Orange stood within the limits of the patroon's estate, while the corporation did not own a foot of land in that part of the country. The second patroon, also a non-resident, was Johannes Van Rensselaer, whose half-brother, Jan …

Writing of the pomp and circumstance attending the mo\xments of the Van Rensselaer chief, Mrs. Lamb, the historian, says: To many of the present generation a simple sketch of the style of life of these old feudal chieftains would read like a veritable romance. Upon the Van Rensselaer manor there were at one period several thousand tenants, and their gatherings were similar to …

The great Van Rensselaer manor-house, long considered the most ])alatial dwelling in the New World, and noted for the princely character of its entertainments, was built by Stephen, the fourth patroon. His wife was Catherine, the daughter of Philip Livingston, signer of the Declaration of Independence. Their son, born in New York City, was the fifth and last patroon, known in …

For some reason, long forgotten, the prospective bridegroom had failed to win the favour of his aunt, the young lady's mother, who emphatically refused her consent to the marriage. vShe was not one whose will was lightly disregarded in her household. Mistress Harriet, we may well believe, was in despair and would, no doubt, have wept her pretty eyes out if she had not received …

congratulations of the witnesses, the sounds from the library suddenly ceased. Madame Van Rensselaer was waking. It is not difficult to be l)rave before or after a crisis. The thing that is really hard is to display moral heroism at the \'ery moment of sur|)rise or danger. Tf Van Rensselaer had had time to consider this he would, no doubt, have stayed and faced the situation …

Under the Dongan charter the limits of the city were included in an area of one mile upon the river and three and a half miles westward. It was not only the centre of social life and the metropolis of trade, but also the home of religious authority. When the Dutch church was organised there in 1640, it was the only one on the northern part of the river that had a regular …

The streets that intersect the Pasture bear the names of the old Dutch domines, Westerloo, Lydius, etc. When one stands upon some eminence -- as the tower of the Capitol -- and looks out over the city at its numerous churches and imposing cathedrals, he wonders whether Domine Megapolensis would be able to discover amid all those labyrinths of brick and stone the place where he …

It should be a matter for congratulation that back of the proudest aristocracy of New York we find "the nobility of labour, the long pedigree of toil." Mrs. Grant, the " American Lady," whose memoirs are classic, says: " The very idea of being ashamed of anything that was neither vicious nor indecent never entered the head of an Albanian." Theirs must have been an almost …

They had a court-house, it is true, -- a room upon the second floor of a house within the fort, -- but Vander Donck, the first and at th^it time the only law)'er of the ])laee, was not permitted to practice, as there -was no one to o Pilose hi in. The Schepeii heard and decided, without haste or delay, upon the few cases that were brought before him, ruling by a code as simple …

The grass grew about the unpaved streets, and relieved the eye by its refreshing verdure. Tall sycamores or pendent willows shaded 530 The Hudson River the houses, with caterpillars swinging, in long silken strings, from their branches; or moths, fluttering about like coxcombs, in joy at their gay transformation. The houses were built in the old Dutch style, with the …

He was unusually tall, raw-boned, and of a most forbidding aspect -- singular in his habits and eccentric in his character -- but independent, honest, and gruff as a bear. He occupied, at the commencement of the present [nineteenth] century, the old and somewhat mysterious-looking mansion then standing at the southeast corner of North Pearl and State streets, and was, of …

It is supposed to have been the oldest brick building in America at the time it was demolished in 1833 to make room for the present Apothecary's Hall. . . . The Pearl Street door is said to have been used only for the egress of the dead. The orgies of a Dutch funeral are fast receding from the memory of the living. Few remain who have witnessed them. The records of the church …

The streets were named after the domines or ministers of that church. Beginning with Lydius Street on the north, then Westerlo, Bassett, Nucella, and Johnson running parallel with it. Among those running north and south were Dellius (pronounced Dallius and now so written), from Rev. Godfrey Dell, who came over in 1683; Frelinghuysen and Van Schee. The reference to the " …

But there w^ere li\-elier festivals than those incident to the taking-off of honest and considerate burghers. Many an odd custom marked the keei)ing of such holidays as Kecstijd (Christmas), Nicmvjaarsdag, Paaschdag (Easter), and Pinxtcrfccst. Christmas, to be sure, was not held in great esteem, for New Year's day was the occasion upon which St. Nicholas and his A'rouw, Molly …

We listen to the eloquence of Jay or Livingston, but with an ear open to catch the crooning of a cradle-song, somewhere within a gableended dwelling, over whose sanded floor some Schuyler, or Beekman, or Van Dyke has taken his first tottering steps in infancy. How many a small morsel of Dutch humanity, nestling his flaxen poll on his mother's arm, has closed his blue eyes to …

Only the baby of Satigerties or Kingston or Allxmy would have ruminated over the broader vowels of Slaap, kindje, slaap, Daar buiten loopt een schaap; Een schaap met vier witte voetjes. To this day the English-speaking mother talks to her little one about his "footies." Is it possibly an echo of " voetjes"? But listen to the stamp and swagger and hustle that is compressed into …

dood-kocks, and niciiivjaarskocks, rather than the trifling knickcr, stood sponsor to that Dutchest of titles, and that the first Knickerbocker of eminence was Volckert Jan Pietersen Van Amsterdam, whose name was too long for even the patience of his neighbours, who shortened it to Baas -- that is to say. Boss. If this etymology be correct, Boss Knickkerbakker Volckert Jan …

The witch went away, threatening the baker with dire calamity, and her words were not empty ones, as the event proved, for from that time Baas and his poor wife Maritje knew no peace. For a year everything went wrong. The chimney fell in, the neighbours fell An Old Dutch Town 537 out, the trade fell off. It was a l)ad season and the rotund haker and his wife shrank …

Its inhabitants took what measures they could to prevent the intrusion of aliens, and, in order to secure the cream of the traffic in ])eltries, the merchants sent runners into the wilderness to intercept Indians who might carr)' their goods to other markets. They owned a fleet of x'cssels, u])on which all, or nearly all, of the carrying trade of the city was done. They ha\-e …

At first merchandise used to be conveyed to the vessels in skiffs and afterwards wharves were built for the convenience of shippers. At the time of the Revolution three or four Albany men stand out prominently in national annals. Gansevoort. President of the Convention that adopted the first constitution of the State, lived in the old homestead of the Gansevoort family that …

To him was given the task of watching Governor Tr_\'on on the south, the British and Indian force under Colonel Guy Johnson at the west, and the enemy that menaced the northern frontier. He led the advance upon Quebec until forced by illness to resign his command to the unfortunate Montgomery. His was the la])our of ])rovisioning the posts upon Lake Champlain. In fact, there …

The Hudson River vSchuyler's ];)ro])erty had been destroyed and his house at Schuylers\'ille burned by Burgoyne, A'et after the latter "s fall, when he had been brought a j^risoner to Albany, it was at the Schuyler house that he found entertainment for himself and his family ; and it is said that the noble hosi)itality of his host moved himi to SCHUYLER MANSION, lyOO tears …

It wa.s of honest brick througliout, and not, like most of the city houses, a wooden structure with a veneered front of l)ricks " brouglit from Holland." To-day tlie walls and the oaken window-sills sliow no reason why they miglit not last for centuries to come, unless the onward march of business shall demand the destruction of the relic. So long as it lasts, the Scluiyler …

542 The Hudson River "Gone to alarm the town," was the ready answer. Schuyler, hearing this, acted upon the hint, and, putting his head out of a window, called as though to a large body of men, to surround the house and capture the rascals ; u]ion which the in\'aders fled, but, unfortmiately, took the plate with them. Alexander Hamilton married Elizabeth Schuyler, and was …

We have mentioned but a few of them, and those with a brevity for which the sco])e and variety of the subject-matter of this book must be the excuse. After the Revolution, in 1797, Albany was made the permanent State capital of New York, and its importance from a political point of view drew to it many men of ability and reputation ; but its growth in population was not rapid …

As a curious anti-climax to the feudal system under which the ])eople of Rensselaerwyk lived ])rior to the War for Independence, there occurred in the earl\' half of the nineteenth century an agitation known as the anti-rent war, that stirred Alban\' and the surrounding countr}^ for man}' years. This trouble was the result of a persistent effort on the i^art of the heirs of …

Other feuds marked the middle period in Albany's history, the transition stage between a somewhat overgrown village and the cit>- of a hundred thousand inhabitants. For instance, there was the great battle on State Street, in which the |)rinci])al actors were John Ta\der and General Solomon Van Rensselaer, a number of lesser combatants participating. The fray occurred in 1807 …

When the opposing forces were at last separated, the i;)arties began to think of legal redress for the hurts they had received, and a number of lawsuits was the outcome of the matter. It is interesting to note how im]:)artially the arbitrators in the case -- Simeon de Witt, James Kane, and John Van Schaick -- chstributed the damages for assault : Jenkins against Van Rensselaer …

Worth, already quoted in this chapter, has given a list of the men who seemed to him most prominent in the city at that time. They were George Clinton ; John Tayler, who was Lieutenant-Governor of the State and acting in Governor Tompkins's place after the latter's election to the Vice- Presidency; Ambrose Spenser, Attorney-General and Judge of the Supreme Court; James Kent …

There are many narrow streets, paved as of old with col)l)lestones, to remind us of a former day; but there are also some noble thoroughfares, chief among them being State Street, which is accounted one of the broadest streets in the country, and was, until quite recently, only second to Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington. The chief object that challenges the attention from …

The structure is of Maine granite, built in the style of the French renaissance, and is surmounted by a tower and dome, from which the eye may sweep over sixty miles of country to rest u])on the blue profiles of the Catskills, or follow the windings of the river, or return to trace the streets that are spread like a map at our feet. There is the City Hall, that was built in …

The Capitol was commenced in 1881 and completed at a cost to the State of twenty-one million dollars, and is of such noble proportions that its mere bulk alone is impressive. The main structure is three hundred by four hundred feet on the floor plan, with walls that rise one hundred and eight feet from water-table to cornice. It contains chambers ample for all the departments …

New life has been infused into a formerly inacti\'e chamber of commerce, and whereas a few years ago business enter])rise was in many quarters somewhat conspicuous by its al^senc e, now there is e\'idence of more stirring activity. The first change in Albany's life occurred when the New England element came in and began to mingle with the Dutch and " the dogs began to bark in …

ceived it from the Patroon Van Rensselaer in 1720. About 1787 the site of the future eity was laid out in town lots. At West Tro)-- or Watcr^dlet-- ui 181 3, the United States Government purchased groun d upon which was established an arsenal, near the presen t east bank of the Erie Canal. Sex'cral widely known educational establishments add interest to a city that is not …

The stream takes in, first, the Boreas River and the Schroon, and fifteen miles north of Saratoga recei^•es the water of the Sacandaga. South of that the Battenkill is added to it, and, between the Battenkill and the Mohawk, the Walloomsac. It will be noticed that these streams, with two exceptions, have Indian names, and this recalls the prophecy of a dying chief, who, while …

From Hartford, where I resided, our party proceeded westward, and some idea of the fashions may be formed from the dress of one of the ladies, who wore a black beaver with a sugarloaf crown eight or nine inches high, called a steeple-crown, wound round with black and red tassels. Habits having gone out of fashion, the dress was of London smoke broadcloth, buttoned down in …

After three days we reached Hudson, where a gentleman who had come to attend a l)all joined our party, sending a message home for clothes; and, although he did not receive them and had only his dancing dress, persisted in proceeding with us. He mounted his horse therefore in a suit of white broadcloth, with powdered hair, small clothes, and white silk stockings. Cotild …

The old Dutch church, with its pointed roof and great window of painted glass, stood at that time at the foot of State Street. At Troy, where we took tea, there were only a dozen houses, the place having been settled only three years before by people from Killingworth, Saybrook, and other towns in Connecticut. Lansingburg was an older and more considerable town, containing …

On the road to the Mohawk we met a party of some of the most respectable citizens of Albany -- among whom was the patroon Van Rensselaer -- in a common country waggon without a cover, with straw under their feet and wooden chairs for seats. Two gentlemen on horseback, in their company, finding that we were going to Saratoga, offered to accompany us to the scene of the battle …

During the funeral, she also stated, the American troops, who had got into the rear of the British on the opposite side of the river, and had been firing over the house, on discovering the cause of the procession up the steep hill, where Frazer had requested to be interred, not only ceased firing, but played a dead march in complement to his memory. On leaving the battleground …

We were for a time extremely dispirited, until the gentleman who had joined us at Hudson came forward (still in his ball dress) and endeavoured to encourage us, saying that if we would but trust to his guidance he doubted not that he should be able to conduct us safely and speedily to a more comfortable habitation. This raised our hopes, and we followed him cheerfully, though …

One would give much to have seen this cheerful "gentleman from Hudson" at that moment: He . . . dismounted, tied his horse behind our chair, and taking the bridle of our own began, to lead him on, groping his way as well as he was able, stepping into one mud hole after another, without regard to his silk stockings, sometimes up to his beauish knee buckles. At length one of the …

On reaching the springs at Saratoga we found but three habitations and those but poor log houses, on the high bank of the meadow, where is now the eastern side of the street on the ridge near the Round Rock. This was the only spring then visited. The log cabins were almost full of strangers, among whom were several ladies and gentlemen from Albany, and we found it almost …

The tale of its splendoin* is bewildering, the roll of those who have added to its gaiety, overwhelming. A list of those who have lodged in its great hostelries, or drank of its waters, would, perhaps, include a majority Above Tide-Water 559 of the famous people who have hved during the past half -century. The peculiar virtues of the waters of Saratoga were long known to the …

In 1783, General vSchuyler, who had not forgotten the letter of his quondam friend, though the sad events of the war had cut him off from intimacy with the Johnsons, made a road through the woods from his estate at Schuylersville to the spring, and, taking his family there, encamped for several weeks. The same year, General Washington, being distracted by the long idleness of …

Repeated reference has been made to the battle of Saratoga, and its great importance in relation to American history can hardh^ be overestimated. It should not be forgotten that Sir Edward Creasy, the English military writer, has numbered this among the fifteen decisive battles of the world. Burgoyne started from Canada towards Albany with a reasonable expectation of uniting …

562 The Hudson River vSchuyler, having retired to Albany, was receiving deputations of Indian chiefs and exerting his great influence to secure their services as scouts, thus materially aiding the forces in the field. One is compelled to admire the greatness of soul of this man, who refused to permit the cavalier treatment accorded him by Gates, or the apparent neglect of …

Leger at Fort Schuyler had been disheartening; now the frequent desertions from his army depleted his force of fighting men. On the 13 th and 14th of September he crossed the river on his bridge of boats, landing upon the plain near the mouth of Fishkill Creek, afterwards Schuylerville, about five miles north of the American position. The arrangement of the opposing forces on …

Having, on the i8th, advanced slowly to within two miles of General Gates's position, Burgoyne rested over night and prepared for an attack ui)on the morning of the 19th. The plan, in brief, was to inake a demonstration with Canadians and Indians threatenmg the American centre, while the grenadiers and light infantry, under Frazer, on the left of Gates's position, and the …

Grudgingh^ reinforcements were then given to Arnold, and he continued for four hours a spirited action with the whole of the British right, though his force at no time exceeded three thousand, or, as some have said, twenty-five hundred men. Both Reidesel and Burgoyne afterwards described this battle as having been fought with great obstinacy and valour, the fire having been …

But, either made impatient by the desertions that were rapidly reducing his army, or rendered bold by the apparent disinclination of the superior American force to oppose him, or swayed from his purpose by the councils of his officers, he determined, upon the 7th of October, "to make a grand movement on the left of the American camj), to discover whether he could force a …

The New Yorkers, with their New Hampshire comrades, did magnificent work that day. The Hessian gunners, serving their artillery with the precision and THE RAPIDS BELOW GLENS FALLS effectiveness of well-trained veterans, were amazed to see the Americans advance without hesitation in the face of a rain of grape-shot. The grenadiers, unused to meeting opponents who could stand …

His corps fell 1:)ack in confusion. Overcome at all points, Burgoyne made an effort to save his camix This and a subsequent effort to cross the ri\'er in the face of an American battery on the eastern shore, were ec[ually unsuccessful. He made repeated efforts to withdraw, only to find that the way was completely blocked in every direction, and at length, upon the 17th of …

It is hard to realise that Fort Edward, for example, has hidden away, beneath the evidences of modern industry and thrift, an early history that is full of romance and derring-do. ON THE RIVER BETWEEN GLENS FALLS AND SANDY HILL (From a draixjing hy W. G. M'ilso)!) First of all, it was granted to Domine Dellius of Albany, who transferred his title to his successor in the …

der of Jennie McCrea, by some of Burgoyne's Indian allies, gave Gates a telling argument, with which not a few wavering partisans w^ere turned against the British cause. With Fort Edw^ard, as with nearly all of the upper river towns, the possession of one of the most magnifi- The Hudson River cent water-powers in the world has decided the direction of its activity. Glens …

" Here are the marble works, where the black marble, native to the place, is prepared for market; the gun works, sewing-machine works, lime works, and a legion more. But if the average citizen was to be suddenly asked to name the staple product of Glens Falls and neighbouring river towns, he would be apt to answer, "wood-pulp." Wood-])ul]) is turning a great many factory …

David, 491-492 563-565; vessels, 340 Al)L'cl family, 491-492 Americans, 28 Abintjdon-Fitz-Roy Road, 174 Amsterdam, 2 1, .108, 446 Ancram Creek, 477 Academy Building, Kingston, 463 Ackland, Lady Harriet, 530 Andre, Major John, 72, 85, 86, 219, Act regvilating navigation, i 2 i 228, 236-237, 244, 296-297, 314, Adams, John, 163 317-318, his Adirondacks, 551 Andresen, Annandale …

Charles E., 9 Aspinwall, William, 237 Alpine, 438 Assembly of Nineteen, the, 516, Amackassin Brook, 10 Amasis, 301 Astor, William B., 458 America, 407 Astor Place Athens, ^07 Riots, 196 American, Academy, 428: army Atkarkarton, 444 179, 184, 192, 232, 317, 331, 380 406, 461-462; camp, 565; citi- Atkins, 520 T. Astley, 209 zen, the, 125; Civil WaV, 372 Atlanta, warship, 51 …

Robert, 290 Battle of Long Island. 151, 326 Boreas River, 551 Battle of White Plains, 332 Boreel Building, New York, 35 Bausan, Italian warship, 51 Bossen Bouwerie, 61 Baxter, 188 Boston, 167, 290 Bayard family and residence, 61 Boston and Albany Boston Tea Party, 57Road, 61 Bayard Hill, 168; Redoubt, 168, Boulevard, the, 176, 178 Beacon Hill, 357, 417 Boulevard, Lafayette …

ships, 28, 54, 31, 64,' 168, 170, 228, Carl's Mill,Sir230 Carleton, Guy, 27, 220, 288 235; troops, 176, 232 188, igi, 227, 554 Carolina troojjs, 310 Broadway, Albany, 527, 538 Carolinas, 160 Broadway, New York, 27, t,^, 46 Carthage, 416 5S. 317- 523 Cartwright's ta\'ern, 353 Brodhead, John Romeyn, 17, 273 Cassalis, Earl of, 32 Casta Diva, 42, 45 Broken Neck Ilih, 346, 386 …

N., 437 Chepontuc, 570 (\il)le Building, New York, ^8 Cherry Valley, 352, 353 C'al.cit, John, 2 Cherrycroft, 285 Caclwalader, Chesapeake shad, 436 Cah oes, 355 Colonel, 188-190 Chittenden, Lucius B., and widow Cairo, 495 156 Call Rock, 425 Church, Frederick E., 507 Campbell, 13, 339 Church notices, 44S Campbell, Donald. 4S3 Church Street, Albany, 527 Canada, 160, t,7,^. 4S0 …

George, 460; Sir Henry, 163-166, 228, 304, 335, 338, 339, Cornwall, 168, 260-261, 393 343, 379. 3S<), 407-40S, 412, 439, Cornwallis, General Lord, 190, 227- 228, 41 I Clinton 467-46S 461, Point, ujS Corporation of New York City, 41 Cockloft Hall, 252, 253 Corsen, Arcnt, 501 Coeymans, 510 Cortlandt Manor, 91, 313, 326, 345 Cohoes, 550, 554 Cortlandt Street Ferry, 58, 72 …

Croton, Chief, 295-296 Croton Manor-house, 317 Columbian Celebration, 1892, 50 Croton Point, 10, 301, 304 Columbiaville, 509 Croton River, 11, 206, 21)3, 2()4, 337 Columbus, 2, 5 Crown Point, 483 Commissioners of Emigration, 41 Cruger, General S. Y. R., 50 Commissioners of Indian Affairs, Cruger's, 304 Cruger's Dock, 57 Committee of 100, 50-51 Cruger's Island, 393 Committee of …

I'l i Lords, ers De Fuyck, 519 Dutch possessions. 9 De Gary, Blasco, 119 Dutch record of Hoboken, 72--^ De Jouffroy, Marquis, iiq De Koven's Bav, 478 Dutch West India Comp; De La Barr. 107 Dutch settlers. 11 ' 4 'So~"' De Lancey, Lieutenant-dovenK Dutchess CouiUv, 357,' 340, James, 32 Duyckinck. A. E.. 7.242. 3,s°' 416. 426-42 "4S0 De Lancev, John Peter, ^ 5:; 271, 280 …

Dodge 9, 27, 148 Miss Grace, 172, i 8^'. ,'86 Elkins, Jacob [acob.sen Dolphin, dispatch boat, Elm Park, 140 Domines, Dutch, 21, 474 =; Elysian Fields. 78-80 Dongan, Governor, 22-23, ir Emigration Commission! 294, 416, 447, 526 Empire Building, New ^• or York Dood Fest (Deadfeast), C31. =133 Empire State, 12 k. -., E^nglewood, 198 Don w , Vol kert , 4 3 1 , 4 3 2' ■ Equital)le …

Theodorus, fayette fete, 47 494. 526, General Evertsen, Captain Cornelius, 23 Fremont, John C, 238, 241, 285 Fremont, Jessie Benton, 285 French and Indian Wars, 475, 569 Fair Street, New York, 45S French Church at New Paltz, 470 Falconer's purchase, 91 FuUerton's tract, 472, 473 Fall Kill, 425 Fanning, Colonel, 317 Fulton, Robert, 118-122!^ 125-126, Farrington, Harvey P., 105 …

Lieutenant, ^09 198, 257,436,438; Lyman, 56S; R., 507 Montgomery, 328, 335, 337-339, Gillender Building, New York, 38 Glass House farm, 63, 64 379, 428, 460, 461-462; Nicholson, 568; Orange, 6, iii, 353, Glen, Johannes, 528 516,519,520,522; Oranier, 513; Glens Falls, 570-571 Putnam, 379, 384; Schmder, 562 ; Goede Vroviw, the, 65 Washington, 106, 155-156, 172, Gooch, Captain …

Colonel. 310. 326. 327 173. 176, 179. 1S4. 186. 1.S7 I,'- 189, 190, 228, 33:^. 41 , Hays's landing. 298 Greene County, 443. 44,,. 4S6 Hay ward. Miss, 250 Greene s Patent, 486 Heath, General, x66, 172, ,89. Greenwich Road. 61, 62 315-316.33 iqo Hebrews, ^^4 2 Greenwich Village, 6r, 62 1-4 Helderberg war, i^i i Grenadier Battery. i6'8 Greyho ' ' Henry ( 7aV. steamboat, 133 und …

Guests from'Gibbet Island 68 High Bridge, "170 H Highland forts, 33:; g?-ti^^"f^ Spring. 552, 559, 560 Ilackensack, 192 Highland Highland Station, Patent.' 91 Hafenje, 216, 241 Highlanders, 167, 177-1 7,^ Hague, The, i Highlands, 92. 105-106, 114, 1,6 Hale, Captain Nathan, 151 Hale's regiment at Saratoga 160, 170, 317.32 256, 331.33 7-328, 266, 286, 301 313' 56:; 5.350.3^7Hall …

U^ Irving, Peter, 252 Hudson Canal, 550-551 Irving, Washington, 20, 114, 137, Hudson, city of, 48, 503-504, 507- i88\ 237, 239, 240, 243-246, 250- 509. 553 253, 255, 261, 262, 266, 269, 305, Hudson, Henr}-, i, 2, 5. 6, i()4, igN, 321, 329, 337, 389, 484, 499, 501, 2Q4, 421-422, 50Q 509, 511, 231, Irvington, 567 245 Hudson (Hudson's) River, q, 11, 13, 18, 19, 48, 51. 57-58, 87 …

Colonel, 2 :;5-2 :;6 Jenkins, Seth, 504 Hurley, 456 Jenkins, Thomas, 504 Huron Indians, 425 Jersey Battery, 168 Huyler's Landing, 198 Jersey City, 72 Hiizzard, French warship, 51 Jersey, prison-ship, 428 Hyde Park, 253, 432, 476, 484-485 John Jay, steainboat, 291 Johnson, Colonel Gtiy, 539 Johnson, General Joseph, 372 Johnson, Lieutenant-Colonel, 305 Johnson, Rev., 526 …

Marquis de, 46, 47. 48, Kent, James, 546 366. 382, 416, 427 Kerse, Major, Quartermaster at Lake Champlain, 539 Stony Point, 2q8 Lamb, Colonel of Artillery, 338 Kidd, Captain William, 69, 321, Lamb, Mrs. Mather J., 30, 520, 522 Land patents, 88 Kidd's 421 Rock, 421 Landor, Walter Savage, 253 Lands, 89 Kieft, William, 15. 35. 4S9, 500, 501. 513 Lansing, Abraham, 54() Kindcrhook …

Jacobus, 416 Leslie, General, 175, 178 Leyden, 494 Kipp's Bay,486172, 173 Kiskatom. Liberty Statue, 49 Kitchawan River. 10, 11. 206. 293. Liberty Street, New York, 31S 294, 295 Li Ilung Chang. 144 Klauver Rack. 507 Lincoln, General. 228, 232 Knapp, Samuel Laurens, 76 Lind, Jenny, 42, 45 Knickerbocker , 5 3 5-5 3 6 Lindsay's patent, 486 Knickerbocker, Diedrich. 65, 253 …

John. 274 Manor of Foxhall, 447 Long Clove Road, the, 298 Long Island, 331. 416 Manorial rights granted. 96 Long Island, battle of. 171 Ma]ies, General. 47 Marbletown, 457, 470 Lords States-General. 5. 512-514 Lossing, Benson J.. 78. 81. 140, 188, Marie Roget (Marv Rogers). 80 193, '266, Louvre, the, 285."294i 468 462, 478 Marriages in New Market Dock, 104' York, 25 Love Lane …

Mihtia, the, 335 ■ ■ „ 378. 383 ■ M iIton , horse- 1 )oa t , t li e , 428 Nantucket, 503, 553 Minesecongo Creek, jgS Mingua. 443 Napo Naomleon 469 n," 401 an, , India Minnerl3^ " Sherd," 2S6 Minnesinks, 443 Nappeckamack, 10, 202 10 or Nassou, 14 Nassau, Minuit, MoeneminncsPeter, Castle, "i i i;io Nassau 7 Street, New York Mohawk Indians, 73. 44:;, 47 National Academv, the 2 …

New Amst iT. 65 erda 479. 480, 483, 4S6, 539; Mrs. m, Janet, 250, 479, 483, 484; estate, 106, 112. 195. 440. 4:;,". 4S3; house, 484 N 96, ^ ew.51 Am5s1t 5 520 Bouw Montrose Point, 304 New 2,Balti,erdam 510 eri Monument Lane, 62 more, Newli 27. 106, 168. : urgh Moodna (Murderer's) Creek, :;46, 349. 40,2. 405-4 408. 401, 449- 456, 471, 515 06 New414.Cit4y1.6. 224488, 56,0 Moore …

Mount Ida, 550 Mount Mclntyre, 551 New T,?<. York, 461 40, 46,City, 22, 51,5 47, 48, 26," 2 ' '4. Mount Olympus, 550 7. 77. 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 7 4. 28, Mount St. Vincent, 165, 196 . 185, 37. 82, 92, 103, 105. IT I, Mount Tahawas, 551 125, I 26, 160, 171. T72. Mount Taurus, 357 57. 23g, 273, 290, 291, 2()3, Mcnmt Vernon, 8 , ^;;6, 337- 349- 350. 353-354- 45«- 584 Index …

Si Patroons' ships, 88, 90, 107 North, Lord, 41 1 Paulding family, the, 239 North Market Street, Albanv. 5 38 Paulding, General William. 231 Paulding, James Kirke, 231, 240. North Pearl Street, Albany,' ^jo 242. 246, 250, 252, 262, 484-4S5 North River, the, 5, i5,'5 7."'i6S Paulding, John, 236, 314, 318 Xorth 174, River, steamboat, 176, 185, i 2S516 224. 346, 35-2. Paulus …

Pennsylvania, 60. 402. 406, 409 23, 239 Pennsylvania soldiers, 82, i8q Oloflfe the Dreamer, 65, 69 Pe])loei)'s Kill, 337 Oothoudts, 4S8 Peijuod, Indians, 42;; lo\-cr, 425Orange Coitnty, 345. 34(1, 405 Orange, N. [.. 1 72 Privy, Lord. 186. tS<) Order dislumding Washing I'cricr, in\Tnlor. 1 1 ij army, 4 1 4 braith,Commander Perry. 237 M;itllie\v C.alOrmsl)ec, 120 Ossining, 10 …

Plymouth and' Pocantico, the Pilcrriins, 10, 216, 231, 239, 450 240 Read, Nathan, 1 19 Pockhantes, 10 Red Jacket, 431 Poe, Edgar Allen, 7(;, 80 Reed, Adjutant-General, 177, 178 Poestenkill, 55 i Reidesel, Baron de, 5 ft 3-:; (14 ' Point-no-Poin't, 106, 216, 221, 22(;, Reindeer, Remonstrancesteamboat , 1 :; :;' 87 of colonists, Polk, James K,, 278 Rensselaer County, t:;o …

Wendell, D.I)., 209 Ridley, Matthew, 31 Prime, William C, 282 Rijckman, Albert, 528 Prince of Orange, 514 Ritzemer, Domine, 24 Prince of Wales's visit to America, River craft and jiassengers, j i :;; 130 Riverdale, 133, 198 Produce Exchange Building, T,i) Riverside Park and I)ri\-e, ^2, i ^(;, 140, 143. 144. i.Si Prospect Hill, Albany, 547' Riverview Academy, llie, 422 …

Phili]i, 541 45Q' 463.Creek, Rondout 467-468 467 Schuyler, Peter, 3 i Rose, Briti.sh warship, 329, 330 Sehuylersvillc, Scotoc Island, 353 530, 560, 562 Rosendalc Creek, 470 Scott, 458 Rotterdam, ^01 Round Rock, 558 Scott, General Wintield, ^71, 382 Scutters Island, 352 Rumsey, James, 119, 120 Seawant (wampum), 44(), 538 Royalists, 168"^^ Seine, river, the, 80, 121 S Selden …

Gideon. 526, 531 Skenesborough, 562 Schenectady, 3 54-:; 5 5 Schermerhorn, boy prisoner, 49^ Skelcli-Book,^TIie. 245 Skinner, Charles M.,358 Slaange Klij)]K', 425 Schodack, Schoharie, 510 351-352' Slaperig Hafi'U, 2 i i Schoolcraft", "llenrv Rowe, 273, 2S9, Sleepy Hollow, 23, 137, 239, 243, Schoonmaker, 444, 4:; 6 244, 286 Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, 249, 271 Schoonmaker 463 house …