Bolton, Robert Jr. A History of the County of Westchester, from its First Settlement to the Present Time, Vol. I. New York: Alexander S. Gould, 1848.

The present, therefore, was the most favorable time that would ever present itself-''^- "Andre was accordmgly dispatched in (he Vulture sloopof war. to hold a personal conference wi(h General Arnold. I'he Vulture ascended t.;e Hudson river on the k!Oih, as far as Teller's Point, and came to anchor at (he mouth of the Haversiraw bay. Here Andre eagerly awaited some opportiujity …

The guard boats had received orders not to stop Smith, and he also possessed the countersign for the next night, which was the word " Congress." In the morning Smith brought his tenant, Samuel Colquhoun to a conference with Arnold, who requested him to accompany his landlord on a visit that night to the Vulture." The man at first refused, but at last consented to go with his …

Colonel Robinson will not propose anything that is not for the interest of the United States, as well as of himself. "Smith had likewise two papers signed by Arnold, which he showed to Robinson ; one, a permission to pass and repass with a boat to Dobb's Ferry, the other a permission to Joshua Smith, Mr. John Anderson and two servants, to pass and repass the guards near King's …

They were landed at the foot of a mountain called the Long Glove, on the western margin of the river, about six miles b^low Stony point. The Vulture lay between the place and Teller's Point. Here Arnold was in attendance on horseback, with another horse brought by a servant of Smith's. It was perfectly dark, and Smith knowint^ the spot designated by Arnold, groped his way up …

Andre consoled to mount a led horse brought to the Clove with Arnold, and to accompany him to Smith's house, there to remain through the day, and return to the sloop of war next night. It was still dark, and, as Andre asserts, the voice of the sentinel demanding the countersign, was tlie first indication to the adjutant-general that he was within the American lines. About the …

It is to be supposed, (hat the commander of West Point reassured him, and after breakfast, Smith left him to finish "the plot of treachery" between them ; it was understood that Arnold was to receive a stipulated sum. The day fixed upon, Andre was to return to New York, and the British troops (already embarked under the pretence of an expedition to the Chesapeake,) were to be …

To this was added a third, as follows: "Head Quarters, Robinson's liouse, Sept. 22d, 1780. Permit Mr. John Anderson to pass the guards to the White Plains, or below, if he chooses; he being on public business, by my direction. -- B. Arnold, M. Gen." A miserable day was passed by the spy in solitude, and when evening came, Smith positively refused to go again on board the …

The uniform coat of the adjutant general was left at Smitli's house, and with a coat of Smith's, covered by the dark great-coat, with "a wide cape and buttoned close to his neck," Andre was equipped for the journey. Accordingly in the morning, he and Smith proceeded to King's Ferry. On the way. Smith endeavored to draw his companion into conversation, but without success. He …

Smith answered these questions promptly, adding tiiat he had a pass from General Arnold, and desired not to be detained. The captain was not yet satisfied, but inquired how far he meant to go that night ; to which he replied, as far as Major Strang's or Colonel Drake's ; but this only increased the embarrassment, for the captain informed him that Major Strang was not at home …

As an apology for this inquiry he manifested a good deal of concern for their safety, telling him that the cow-boys had recently been out, and were believed then to be for up the country, and he advised him by all means not to proceed till mornins:. Smith prevaricated as well as he could, saying to Captain Boyd, that he and his fellow-traveller, whom he called Mr. Anderson …

It is probable, also, that he had fears of exciting suspicion, if he hesitated in resisting the Captain's zeal, expressed so earnestly in their behalf Andre, as it may well be imagined, not being very easy in his present situation, was for going on at all events. When Smith found his fears unheeded and his eloquence unavailing, he called in the aid of Captain Boyd, and …

According to Smith's account, it was a weary and restless night to his companion. The burden on his thoughts was not of a kind to lull them to repose ; and the place of his retreat so near the watchful Captain Boyd and his guard, w^as hardly such as would impress upon him a conviction of perfect security. At the first dawn of light he roused himself from his troubled slumber …

He talked upon poetry, the arts, and literature; lamented the war. and hoped for a speedy peace."^ As they passed Major Strang's house, two miles below Yorktown church, they were observed by its inmates, who supposed them to be Continental officers. " In this manner they passed along, without being accosted by any person, till they came within two miles and a half of Pine's …

The travellers partook of a frugal breakfast together at the house of a good Dutch woman, who had been plundered by three marauders, but who was yet enabled lo set before them a repast of hasty pudding and milk.^ This being dispatched, ^Smith divided liis small stock of paper money with Andre, took a final leave, and, with his servant, hastened back to Peekskill, and the same …

'i'he Coio-hoys were a set of people, mostly, if not wholly, refugees, belonging to the British side, and engaged in plundering cattle near the lines, and driving them to New York. The name indicates their vocation. There was another description of banditti, called Skinners^ who lived, for the most part, within the American liuesj and professed attachment to the American …

A person living within that space, who took the oath of fidelity, was sure to be plundered by the Cow-boys; and if he did not take it, the Skinners would come down upon him, call *■ This was not a Dutch woman, zis the historian supposes, but Mrs, Sarah Underliill, wife of Isaac Underliii), of Yorktown, whose grandson, Edward Borough Un- <lerhitl, still owns ihe iiousc …

The Skinners and Cow-boys often leagued together. The former would sell their plunder to the latter, taking in exchange contraband articles brought from New York. It was not uncommon for the farce of a skirmish to be acted near the American . lines, in which the Skinners never failed to come off victorious ; and then they would go boldly to the interior with their booty …

The remarks he had heard from the captain of the patrole on the preceding night, seems to have induced the adjutant-general to take ' the Tarrytown road, as the one most frequented by the Cow-boys ^ for it was understood by Saiith that he would proceed toward White Plains. Upon what apparently chance circumstances the fate of individuals, and armies, and states, appears to …

He relates, that on the day Andie was taken, he was standing at the door of his father's residence, upon the Crum Pond road, when he observed a person approaching on liorseback, leisurely walking his horse. As he rode up, he observed the stranger to be closely enveloped in a light blue swan's down cloak, with high military boots, and a low crowned and broad brimmed hat on his …

Here the girl drew the water, which was offered to the stranger, who requested David to hold the bridle whilst he drank. After satisfying his thirst, he turned toward Mrs. Hammond, and asked the distance to Tarrytown ; she replied, ''Four miles." " I did not think it was so far," said he. At Chappequa, in the vicinity of Underbill's tavern, the spy encountered several …

On this fated morning soiiie of the inhabitants of Westchester had by agreement taken their arms, and proceeded to the neighborhood of this brook and bridge, to prevent cattle from being driven down towards New York, and to seize as a loyal prize any such cows or oxen as might be destined for his majesty's troops by their friends. This patriotic band of seven had volunteered …

The party now consisting of six, took the direct road for Cross river. Here they were joined by David Williams from Bedford. From Cross river they proceeded' to Pleasantville, formerly Clark's Corner, where they halted for the night. From a lady by the name of Mrs. Powell, (who had recently arrived at this place from Morrisania,) the volunteers ascertained that the British …

At Smith's trial, (which was by a court martial, and commenced the day after Andre's examination, Paulding and YVilliams gave the following testimony. Paulding said, '• myself, Isaac van Wart and David Williams, were lying by the side of the road about half a mile above Tarrytown, and about fifteen miles above Kmgsbridge, on Saturday morning between nine and ten o'clock, on …

Then he said '1 am a British officer out of the country on particular business, and I hope you will not detain me a minute;' and to show that he was a British officer he pulled out his watch, upon v/liich 1 told him to dismount. He then said, ' My God ! I must do any thing to get along,' and seemed to make a kind of laugh of it; and pulled out Gjueral Arnold's pass, which was …

Paulding said further that he asked the unknown gentleman his name and he answered " John Anderson." That on seeing General Arnold's pass he should have let him go, if he had not previously said he was a British officer ; (there was yet another circumstance which tended greatly to increase their suspicions, viz. that his pass was for White Plains and not the Tarrytown road ;) …

But we found there were some papers in the bottom of his stockir)g next to his foot, on which we made him pull his stocking off, and found three papers wrapped up. Mr. Paulding looked at the contents; and said he was a spy. We then made him pull off his other boot, and there we found three more papers at the bottom of his foot within his stocking." The following letters and …

Joshua Smith, Esq. has permission to pass the Guards to the White Plains, and to return, being on public business, by my direction. (Signed,) B. Arnold, M. Gen'l. No. 3. [Letter endorsed to] '* Thomas Smith, Esq. Havershaw." Robinsoii's House,^Sept. 25lh, 17S0. Dear Brother : -- I am here a prisoner, and am therefore unab!e to attend in person. I would be obliged to you if you …

.. •• .■ ' ■ ^ Head Quarters, Robinson'' s House, ■ ■ Sept. 21, 1780. Permission is granted to Joshua Smith, Esq. to go to Dobb's Ferry with three Men and a Boy in a Boat with a Flag to carry some Letters of a private Nature for Gentlemen in New York and to Return immediately. (Signed,) - B. Arnold, M. Gen'l. N. B. -- He has permission to go at such hours and times as the tide …

John Anderson to pass the Guards to the White Plains, or below, if He Chuses, He being on Public Business by my Direction. B. Arnold, M. Gen'I. No. 8. " .' - [In Arnold's hand-writing.] [ Gustavus to John Anderson." -.^ " The following document is one of the highest importance to the British, inasmuch as " in case of alarm ^^ it made the British -- who would have caused the …

Dannills with his Comp'y at Fort Putnam, and to Detach an Officer with 12 men to WylJys's Redoubt, a non Commissioned Officer, with 3 men to Webb's Redoubt, and the like number to Redoubt No. 4. Capt. Thomas and Company to repair to Fort Arnold. Capt. Simmons and Company to remain at the North and South Redoubts, at the East side of the River, until further orders. Lieut …

The Artificers in the Garrison, (agreeable to former Orders,) will repair to Fort Arnold, and their receive further Orders from the Command'g Officer of Artillery, J. Bauman Major Comm't Artillery. No. 10. [In the Traitor's own hand.] [Endorsed,] Estimate of the Forces at West Point, and its dependencies, Sept. 1780, Estimate of the Forces at W'st Point and its dependencies …

[In Arnold's hand.] • .. . -■ ^ " • [Endorsed,] - . , Estimate of Men to Man the Works at Wst Point, &c. Sep'r 1780. Estimate of the Number of Men necessary to Man the Works at West Point and in the Vicinity. ., , Fort Arnold 620 / Putnam 450 Wyllys 140 Webb _k_- ' 140. - '; ^' Redoubt No. 1 . v 15C ditto 2 150 ditto 3 . 120 ' \ */' j- ' ditto 4 . , ^ .' 100 . • ditto 5 - ' …

iiiiliiiiiiiiliiwii 31 oS IS Metal. -- 1 • _ i S: Garrison Carriages. X 1 • • c^ lU tn a Garrison Carriages M 1 -- KJ^ rravelliiig do. J^ 1 ■ ^ ." w -- _ -- w-^tO - fs Garrison Carriages --< 1 t« t»: - _- ^^loeked ditto « 1 (C J^ - <o ^ -- ^ 1 e Garrison Carriages. :;: 1 to- *.^K) • Cl - Garrison Carriages. w 1 ccto Stocked ditto. U) 1 to ■■I Travelling ditto. _ 1 -- >;^ …

"The virulence and malice of Ai'nold's treachery are no where more manifest and delestable than in the following document. See how the archfiend exposes the weaknesses of the forts -- the ease with which they could be set on fire -- the facilities of approach-- the commanding heiglits and rising grounds, (fee. The whole too, an expose intended expressly for the British, and …

The East side open, two Boom Proofs and Provision Magazine in the Fort, and slight Wooden Barrack. -- A. commanding piece of ground 500 yards West between the Fort and No. 4 -- or Rocky Hill. -- Fort Webb Built of Fascines and Wood, a slight Work very dry and liable to be set on fire as the approaches are very easy, without defences save a slight abathus. Fort Wyllys built of …

No Bomb Proof, two six pounders, a slight Abatters, a Commanding piece of ground 500 yards Wt. The North Redoubt on the East side built of stone 4 feet high, above the stone wood filled in with Earth, Yery Dry, no ditch, a Bomb Proof, three Batteries without the Fort, a poor Abatters, a Rising piece of ground 500 yards. So, the approaches Under Cover to within 20 yards. -- The …

That a Reinforcement of six ships of the line from England having reinforced the Enemy, had made their Naval Force in these seas amount to Nine Sail of the Line, Two Fifties two forty-fours, and a number of smaller Frigates, a Force completely superior to that of our Allies, and which has in consequence held them Blocked up in the harbor of Rhode Island till the 29th ult., at …

The effect of which, however, has been far short of our expectations, for not much above one-third of the Levies demanded for the Continental Battalions, nor above the Same proportion of Militia have been assembled, and the Supplies have been so inadequate that there was a necessity for dismissing all the Militia, whose immediate services could be dispensed with to lessen our …

That since the state to the Council above Referred to, the Enemy have brought a detachment of about 3000 men from Charles Town to New York, which makps the present opperating Force in this Quarter between Ten and Eleven Thousand men. COUNTY OF WESTCHESTER. 223 That the Enemies Force now in the Southern States has not been lately ascertained by any distinct accounts, but the …

That the State of \^irginia has been sometime exerting itself to raise a Body of 3000 Troops to serve till the end of December, 1781, but how far it has succeeded is not known. That Maryland had Resolved to raise 2000 Men of which a sufficient number to compose one Battalion was to have come to this army. The remainder to recruit the Maryland line -- but in consequence of the …

The Commander-in-Chief having thus given the Council a full view of our present Situation and future prospects, requests the Opinicm of each Member, in writing, what plan it will be advisable to pursue, to what objects Our Attention ought to be directed in the course of this fall and winter, taking into consideration the alternative of having or not having a Naval Superiority …

He said he would give us any quantity of dry goods, or any sum of money, and bring it to any place that we might pitch upon, so that we might get it. Mr. Paulding answered, ' No, if you would give us two thousand guineas you should not stir one step.' I then asked the person who had called himself John Anderson, if he would not get away if it lay in his power. He answered …

As they halted, Paulding exclaimed, " we have got a prisoner," and immediately ordered Andre to dismount. He then asked him for his watch. » New York Herald, 1842. b Paulding had effected his escape only three days previous from the New York Sugar House, in tlie dress of a German yager. General Van Cortlandt states that Paiilding wore this drees on the day of the capture …

Having forgot in their hurry the basket of provisions, Captain Romer was dispatched after it. During the absence of Romer, Andre was asked by the lady of the house, if he would take any thing to eat, his reply was truly descriptive of his bitter feelings, '' No, I thank you, I have no appetite to take anything." Upon the arrival of the basket, the party again resumed their …

b It is a curious fact mentioned by Sparks in his Biography of Arnold, that the last canto of Andre's humorous satire, called the " Cow-chase," was first printed on the very day of his capture. It will be found in Rivington's Royal Gazette fof Sept. 23, 1780. It ends with the following stanza. '* And now I've closed my epic strain, I tremble as I show it, Lest this same …

Whereas Congress have received information that John Paulding, David Williams and Isaac van Wart, three young volunteer militia men of the State of New York, did, on the 23d day of September last, intercept Major John Andr-', adjutant general of the British army, on his return from the American lines in the character of a spy, and notwithstanding the large bribes offered them …

In testimony whereof, Ordered, that each of them receive annually out of the public treasury two hundred dollars in specie, or an equivalent in current money of these States, during life, and that the board of war procure for each of them a silver medal, on one side of which shall be a shield with this inscription " Fidelity," and on the other, the A)ll()wing motto" Yincit …

He is in the act of snpplicalino[ his captors to let tiim escape, the discovered papers are in the hands of one of ih.em, and (he stern eyes of the others evince the determination to listen to no sngo:es!ions hut those of patiiolism. The form and features of Andre are admirably de picted, a miniature hangs in liis hosom exqui>itely finished. This was a likeness of Miss Honora …

^' Shade of my love 'Tis free ! These lips shall resolute enclose The precious souther of my ceaseless woes." The above vignette suggested the following stanzas. "Before their country's foe they stand, Each with a stern and searching eye ; Grasped with a firm and honest hand, The hostile records open lie ; They read, and as each- noble brow Wears the quiet shadow of resoh'e …

Why bends his sad and languid glance Where, near his heart, that picture lieSf AfFection^s fond inheritance, With sunny smile and loving eyes t Alas ! upon that face no more The eager gaze of hope can turnj The dream of early love is o'er, And ne'er again its fires will burn ; A shade is gathering o'er each tress, A gloom is lingering on the brow. And all its budding …

" Sacred to the memory of IMajor Andr^, who, raised by his merit, at an early period of life, to the rank of adjutant-general of the British forces in America, and employed in an important, but hazardous enterprise, fell a sacrifice to his zeal for his king and country, on the 2d of October, 1780, aged twenty-nine, universally beloved and esteemed by the army in which he …

But the fatal sentence being already passed, the flag was sent back without the hoped for clemency in his favor. Major Andre received his condemnation with that fortitude and resolution which had always marked his character, and is represented going', with unshaken COUNTY OF WESTCHESTER. 229 Scarce lit by day's meridian sun, Thy marble bust may sadly smile, Yet is there …

It v/as connected with the tragical story of the unfortunate Andre, who had been made prisoner hard by, and was universally known by the name of ' Major Andre's tree.' The common people regarded it with a mixture of respect and superstition, partly out of sympathy for the fate of its ill-starred namesake, and partly from the tales of strange sights, and doleful lamentations …

On that side of the road where the brook entered the wood, a group of oaks and chestnuts, matted thick with wild grape vines, threw a cavernous gloom over it. To pass this bridge was the severest trial. It was at tiiis identical spot that the unfortunate Andre was captured, and under the covert of those chestnuts and vines were the sturdy yeomen concealed who surprised him …

Major Hunt, having armed himself with a huge club, now gave the signal for attack, when the whole party simultaneously rushed in, headed by the Major, who exclaimed, as he raised his weapon, " Clubs are trumps, gentlemen." During the desperate struggle that ensued, Archer attempted to kill several of the refugees, and was only prevented from so doing by Major Hunt, who …

On this occasion Isaac Martlinoh,a a one armed man, and Polly Buckhout, were also killed ; the latter supposed accidentally, from the circumstance of her wearing a man's hat. In the spring of 1782, a small party of refugees, under the command of Lieut. Akerly. captured tjiree American militiamen named Yerks, Van Wart, and Strong, near the residence of the present Gilbert …

William Forshee, 2d Lieut. " ''• a 1 he fullovving epitaph is inscribed upon this individual's grave stone in Sleepy Hollow churcii-yaid : -- T. M. lu memory of Mr. Isaac Martungh, who was inhumanly slain by Nathaniel Underhill, May 26, A.D. \Ti^, in the 39th year of his age. b Military Returns, Alb. xxvi. 140. 232 HISTORY OF THE We have likewise returned you the commission of …

This morning the convention were informed, that the frigates and tenders still lay there at anchor, and that several barges were busy in sounding the river; another detachment of the militia has been directed to guard the stores in that neighborhood, in which are sundry effects belonging to the public. The convention will endeavor to prevent their making incursions into the …

» Jour. N. Y. Pro. Cou Book I. 523. t- A distinguished ofEcer of the American service, grandfather of Lewis C. Plait, Esq., present surrogate of the county. • Journal N. Y. Pro. Con. Book I. 525. COUNTY OF WESTCHESTER. Upon the 9(h of October, 1778, a body of 1100 British troops embarked on board batleaux at Peekskill and the same night proceeded to Tarrytown, where they …

Upon the west side of the valley, towers Beaver hill, frowning in solemn majesty on the quiet scene below. Presbyterian Church, and Tomb of Isaac van Wai t. ■• Gaines' Weekly Mercury, b Thatcher's Journal, 258. Vol. I. 234 HISTORY OF THE The Presbyterian Church of Greenburgh, (situated on the east bank of the Saw mill) was first organized about the year 1790, under tlie …

It is at present connected with the Bedford Presbytery. This church appears to have been first incorporated upon the 25th of April, 1790, on which occasion, John Martine, Elijah Tompkins, Archer Read, Thomas Almond, and Abraham Odell were elected trustees."'^ LIST OF MINISTERS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AT GREENBURGH.c Instal or call. Ministers. Vacated by. Ministers C 1790 …

First elders of the church, Archibald Reid, George Combs and Staats Hammond. First deacons, William Brown and Isaac iSee. CHURCH MEMORANDA. A. D. 1836, Communicants, 97 ; Baptisms, 2. A. D. 1847, ditto, 65. In the cemetery of the Presbyterian Church rest the remains of Isaac Van Wart, one of the three captors of Major John Andre. A marble monument consisting of a base and …

Fidelity. -- On the 23d of September, 1780, Isaac van Wart, accompanied by John Paulding and- David Williams, all farmers of the County of Westchester, intercepted Major Andre, on his return from the American lines, in the character of a spy, and, notwithstanding the large bribes offered them for his release, nobly disdained to sacrifice their country for gold, secured and …

The day was very fine and pleasant, and by 12 o'clock, there was supposed to be present upwards of two thousand spectators, who had convened to participate in the last respects to the memory of their esteemed fellow citizen ; among whom were to be seen a few of the aged and venerable men who had passed through the scenes and perils of the revolution. About 12 o'clock, a …

The officers and soldiers presenting arms. The officers and soldiers of the Revolution preceded by General Philip van Cortlandt, now the senior surviving officer of the continental army. These passed through the line, conducted by General Hammond and suite, and the marshal of the day, to the place reserved for them on the right of the monument, and the whole procession having …

The whole of this interesting group having assembled within the yard and about the monument. The Rev. David Remington pastor of the church to which the deceased belonged, addressed the throne of Grace, in a very solemn and appropriate manner, after which, Colonel Ward^ the orator of the day was conducted to the platform prepared for the occasion, where he delivered the …

The present General Aaron Ward, of Sing Sing. 238 HISTORY OF THE and then gathered like a shock of corn ripe for the harvest. It might be asked, if insensible dust and ashes can be benefitted by monumental honors ? No I But it is the duty of the living to make and preserve memorials of the virtuous and distinguished dead ; for these memorials contain lessons of instruction …

For his patriotism, it is enough to say, that Isaac van Wart was one of the captors of Andre. For proofs of his exemplary life, and for his firm belief in our holy religion, to you my friends I appeal as witnesses. Some of you have known him in the noonday and evening of life, have heard him breathe the patriot's prayer, " 0 God save my country," have seen his practical …

And to add to the general gloom which now overspread the United States, the small army that was left, was reduced to the greatest distress and misery ; and, nothing, it is believed, but the wisdom and prudence of the immortal Washington, could have kept it together ; for, in the language of a committee appointed by Congress to visit it, the soldiers were unpaid for months …

At this moment when all was dark, our hopes for a successful termination of the war well nigh gone, when the east and the south were in gloom and doubt, and fear which "betrays like treason," was setting on many an honest face, Major Andrd was sent from the British army, whose general then wished to finish the war at a blow, to tamper with the low principles of Benedict …

The spy was taken, and conducted to the lines of the American army : the immeasurable power of gold was tried upon Van Wart and his associates -- it would not do ; rewards beyond their knowledge of wealth were offered them, if they would give up their prisoner, but ofFered them in vain. Their virtues, to the honor of human nature -- to the honor of republican principles -- to …

During the whole of this excitement, so momentous and alarming, we have to thank God that our country w^as stained by one act of treason only ; and to alleviate our grief and mortification for this act, we have to offer the incorruptible integrity of three militiamen in the common walks of life, (where virtue always resides,) in whose breasts all ordinary springs of action …

Such an act is in conformity with the usages of the wisest of nations in every period of history, and, whenever neglected, has been a source of censure and regret ; such an act is in conformity with the habits of our own country, for it is consonant to a sense of gratitude in every bosom. Monuments are now rising to the heroes of the Revolution in every part of the United …

Within a few days past, the citizens of this county and of this nation were called to mourn the loss of one of the most distinguished members of that valiant band -- the great, the illustrious John Jay, the American Fabricius : and even while I am speaking, there are only here and there one of the men of that age to be seen, and he, with whitened locks and solemn demeanor …

We know that our country is yet in its youth, and is still forming its habits and fixing its principles ; and I thank God, that among her best habits is that of cherishing the memory of her benefactors. The deed that we are now doing, my friends, in gratitude and modesty, is not to be done for this day alone. In some distant period, when the traveller shall inquire of our …

Francis Kain then gave the finishing stroke to the monument, after which the military escort divided into three sections ; each division fired one round. The procession was again formed by the marshal in the same order as before. The officers and soldiers of the Revolution, on the right, passed the line, the same honors being paid to them by the military ; and the whole …

November 17th, 1777, the British, under Captain Emmerick, made an excursion from their quarters to the Saw Mill Valley, and completely surprised the Van Tassels, who were residina: near Captain Romer's, burnt their houses, " stripped the women and children of necessary apparel to cover them from the severity of a cold winter's night," and led off, in triumph, the two brothers …

A short distance south of the hamlet of Greenburgh is situated the residence of Samuel Howland, Esq. It is embosomed in trees, and stands on the west bank of the Saw Mill river, in its rear rise bold and majestic hills covered with luxuriant woods. The building itself is a very handsome structure of wood, in the modern style. The river arrested by the mill dam, forms in front …

Cornelius Chatterton, one of the earliest magistrates of Eastchester was an ancestor of this family. Hart's Corners, formerly Barnes' Corners, is another small hamlet in Greenburg, situated about three miles south of White Plains, in a fine valley, tlie neighborhood of which is rendered extremely beautiful by the inequality of the ground and surrounding scenery. The settlement …

Tompkins was in the constant practice of spending the week here, and returning to his family on a Saturday. During the whole of this period he was surrounded by Indians, but they never once offered to molest him. A small hill to the south-east of the present Mr. John Tompkins, still bears the name of Indian hill, and the adjoining spring is called the Indian spring. Two …

Count de Rochambeau, General Washington having encamped on the west bank of the Spraine. On several occasions large tables were arranged for the » For incorporation of this church see Religious Soc. Lib., B. 7 ; first trustees, Underhill Tompkins, Ste-phen Leviness, Gilbert Tompkins, Joseph Forster, Joha Cxawford, and Elijah Tompkins. 244 HISTORY OF THE military staffs of …

The Dutch Church of this place was first organized in 1842, under the pastoral charge of the Rev. V^. M. Hulbert of Yonkers, and incorporated on the 3d of December, 1842, by the title of the " Minister, Elders and Deacons of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Greenville, in the town of Greenburgh." First elders, John Dusenberry and Charles Dusenberry ; first deacons …

The hills are most of them good and suitable for cultivation. The soil in general is gravelly clay, and sandy loam, producing all kinds of fruit and grass in plenty. » Religious .Soc. Co. Rec, Lib. B. 79. * Spafford's Gazetteer. COUNTY OF WESTCHESTER. 245 There are some valuable quarries on the banks of the Hudson, that yield great quantities of beautiful building stones. The …

The tirst proprietor of this land of whom anything is known, was Shanasockwell or Shanarocke, sagamore of Poningoe, who, with other Indians in 1661 conveyed to John Budd of Southhold, Long Island ; " one neck of land lying on the mayne called Apawammeis, (Budds neck, Rye,) also range, feeding and grasse for cattle, twenty English miles into the country ^^ Under this purchase …

King, Defender of the Faith, &c. &c., and in the year of our Lord God 1695, witnesseth, that I, underwritten Pathungo, the true owner and proprietor of a certain part or parcel of land situate, lying, and being in the county of Westchester, and province of New York, by these presents, further manifested to Christian people, to whom this deed of conveyance may any ways concern …

In witness whereof, the said Pathungo hath set his hand and seal this day and year first above written. Pathungo, his ICT marke. Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of us, (Jharles "] Morgan, his marke, Nicolas Haight and James Clement. Moreover, before signing and sealing hereof, the said Pathungo doth reserve, liberty for his use, such ivnitewood trees as shall be …

As witness hereof, we have hereunto set our hands and seals this 15th day of February, in the year of our Lord God 1695-6. Betty Pathungo, 3 her mark, Pathungo Wappatoe, Pi his mark, Elias Jozes Pathungo Askarame, q her mark, Chrishoam Pathungo, S her marke, Porige, § his marke, Elaas Arowash, Arawask's wife, Hannah >- her mark, Ingen. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence …

When standing alone, and encouraged in its lateral growth, it will indeed often produce a lower head, but it.s tendency is lo rise; and it only exhibits itself in all its stateliness and majesty, when, supported on such a noble columnar trunk, it towers far above the heads of its neighbors of the park or forest. Even when at its loftiest elevation, its large specious blossoms …

By his Excellency the Governor in Council, i^'c. -- You are hereby required to survey and lay out, for John Harrison, a certain tract of land in Westchester county which he hath purchased by virtue of a license, b^arius: date the second day of August last past, bounded to the south by the trees of Mr. Budd's purchase, west by Mamaroneck river, easlwardly by Blind brook, and …

William the Third, by the grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, to all to whom these presents shall come, sendeih greeting : Whereas our loving su!)jects William Nicolls, Esq., Captain Ebenezer Williams, David Jameson, John Harrison, and Samuel Haight have by their petition, presented to our trusty and well beloved Benjamin …

W. and H. ; thence south lo a white wood tree, and thence by marked trees west to Ryeponds ; thence including the said Rveponds, south to the head of Mamaroneck river, which runs on the west side of Brown's I'oint, and thence by Mamaroneck river and the east bounds of Richbell's patent to the place where it began, bounded west by Blind brook and vacant lands, north by vacant …

COUNTY OF WESTCHESTER. 251 whatsoever. In testimony whereof, we have caused the great seal of our said province to be hereunto afFised ; \viines5 our trusty and well-beloved Benjamin Fletcher, our Captain-general and (ravernor-in-chief of our province of New York and territories anfl tracts of land depending thereon in America, and Vice-admiral of the same, our Lieutenant and …

Hannah, the oldest, married Joshua Cornell, father of the present Jolin Cornell of North Castle, and Sarah, who married Gilbert Palmer. « The descendants of Samuel Haightd (another of the patentees) are also very numerous in the county, likewise the Williamses. In 17d0 occurs a deed of sale from James de Lancey and Lev\'is Johnston to Godfrey Haines of Rve, which recites Caleb …

c The fatlier of John Palmer. d Samuel Haight appears to have been a resident freeholder of Flushino- iu 1684, 6 Co. Rec, hb. C. 260. -^' 252 HISTORY OF THE North Ciistle.a The several branches of the Cromwell family in America chiiiii descent from the same parent stock ns that of the PiOlector Ohver Cromweli. It is presumed timt the ancestor of the American lino was Col. John …

For these reasons when that unfortunate, misguided monarch was (afier a pretended trial) condemned to die, and the Prince of Orange taking vast jiains to save him, or at least to stay the execution, sent over such relations of the leading men in the army as ihey thought could influence them, applied to this gentleman, he very readily undertook the task with the greatest …

Upon which the colonel stepped a little back and hastily shut the door, which made Oliver suppose he was going to be assassinated ; but the other, taking out his papers, said to him, 'Cou-in, this is no time to trifle with words, see here, it is now in your own power not only to make yourself, but your family, relations, and posterity happy and honorable for ever ; otherwise …

By a letter dated Nov. ^|, 1653, from Jongeshall to William, Earl of Nassau, it appears that Col. John Cromwell was then in Holhuid. Through the ill behavior of his wife Abigail, he was from the most afliuent circumstances reduced to the brink of ruin, i^y his wife (continues Noble,) Col, Cro.nwell had a daughter Joan, baptized September 23, 1634, and perhaps other chili …

The oldest son John Cromwell was residing upon the property in Harrison at the commencement of the revolutionary war, for his name occurs in General Washington's military map of the county, dated 1778, as the occupant of the homestead.^ The present Wilham Cromwell of Harrison is the grandson of the above named Jolin Cromwell.^ From an early period, the Thomas family have …

<^ A singular circumstance (illustrative of the strong fainily likeness which still exists between the English and American branches,) occurred in tlie village of Westchester a few years since. Oliver Cromwell, a resident blacksmith of that pldce. was accosted by a friend, who at the same moment presented him a likeness of tiie Protector ; the former (unable to read) …

From an early period, the Thomas family iiave resided in the eastern part of this town. The Jirst member who purchased land here, was the Hon. John Thomas, son of ihe Rev. Jolin Thomas, for many years Rector of St. George's Church, Hempstead, Long Island. Concerning the latter individual, Dr. Carmichael in his history of St. George's Church, observes. " that he commenced his …

c A singular circumstance (illustrative of the strong fa:nily likeness which still exists between the English and American branches,) occurred in tlie village of Westchester a few years since. Oliver Cromwell, a resident blacksmith of that place, was accosted by a friend, who at the same moment presented hiin a likeness of the Protector ; the former (unable to read) …

Major General'Thiiinasi Thomas, a disiinguished^Oatliarine Floyd of " g officer of tbe Continental army, and a member Mastic, L. 1., nat. ^ uf ihe Legislature of the Slate of New York, 9 Mav, 1746, Ob. nat. 17 Jane, 1745, Ob. May 29, 1824, interred J»n. 15, 1825. let. 'g on tlie estate. -" • ' Kdward-- Aime Cap. Jr)bii ^■ .^urrufiaie 1 Oakley, ob 6 Jan. of West- Ob. Mav 1''35 …

Tiiomas to the society, whose distinguished ornament he was, and presume from oifier circumstances, that he died near about tiiattirne; but, in the Society's annual report printed in London, Feb. 16ih, 1727, we have discovered the followirtg touching memento, viz., a gratuity of £50, to Mrs. Thomas, is voted, the widow of the late Rev. Mr. Thomas, missionary at Hempstead, in …

_ of the systematic method adopted and practiced for "the destruction of American prisoners," as taken from the New London - Gazette, from General Washington's letter of complaint to General Howe, and from the verbal statement of the ofiicers and soldiers who have returned from New York, by exchange. They were crowded into the holds of prison ships, wtiere they were almost …

As a gross outrage against the principles of hinuanity, suffice it to say. that in consequence of the most barbarous treatment, died within a few weeks, not less iJian fifteen hundred Auierican soldiers, brave young men, the pride and shield of our country. After deaih had released the sutfererSj their bodies were dragged out of the prisons and piled up without doors, till …

" Before the troops went into winter quarters, it was necessary that sufficient boards should be procured to hut those who were to remain in the vicinity of King's Bridge, and tlie light troops were of the parties who collected them. Lt. Colonel Simcoe proposed to General Tryon, who commanded the British, to take down Ward's hduse,^ and the buildings in its vicinity; and that …

The house was inmiediately forced, and, no resistance being made, the officers shut the doors of the different rooms, to prevent the irritated soldiers from revenging their unfortunate comrade. The man who fired, was the only person killed : but Thomas, after Lt. Col. Simcoe had personally protected him and ensured his safety, jumped out of the window, and, springing over some …

Upon his death, which took place in 1824, the Thomas property in this town passed by will to the heir of his sister, Charity Thomas, who married Jan:ies Ferris of Throckmorton's neck. Their grandson Thomas Ferris is the present • Simcoe's Military Journal, Barttett & Welford, X. Y. p. 92, 93- Vol. L 33 258 HISTORY OF THE proprietor. Of this family is the Hon. Charles G …

he assisted in laying the foundation of those institutions that are intended to perpetuate the Republic. Sacred Sacred to the memory of to the memory Catharine Thomas, of widow of Charles Floyd Thomas, Thomas Thomas, son of Thomas Thomas, who died the 15lh day of and Catharine Thomas, January, A. D. 1825, who died on the 2d of in the 79th year of her age. January, A. D. 1802 …

During the war the Friends meeting house was occupied as an hospital by the American army. Within a short distance of the Purchase lies Rye-pond, a beautiful sheet of water covering over two hundred and ten acres of ground. In this pond vast quantities of pickerel are annually taken with hook and line, and pleasant sport is afforded to those who are fond of trolling. « Its …

d Anthony Field is buried in the Friends grave yard at Purchase. • No fishing is allowed in the ponds with any kind of net or seine. t Rye-pond is the principal source of the Bronx. 260 HISTORY OF THE Ezra Carpe iter on the south, Thomas Clapp on the eastj and Oliver ]\[atthe\vs on the north. The late Thomas Clapp of this town left one hundred and fifty acres on the west side …

" On the 4th of December, 1781, (says General Heath) Captain Sackett of the New York levies near Harrison purchase below the lines, having gone a small distance from his detachment on the morning of the 2d, was taken prisoner by a party of the enf»my. The enemy afterward attacked Lieutenant Mosher to whom the command of the detachment fell. Lieutenant Mosher and the detachment …

* A full narrative of this memorable event has been published in almost every e<*UQtry in Europe, showing what a handful of infantry can do, opposed to a strong COUNTY OF WESTCHESTER. 261 We believe the whole period of the American war cannot produce such another instance, in which the enemy were repulsed by so small a force. General Washington himself often spoke of this …

^'On Tuesday, the 2d of April, 1776, the freeholders, inhabitants of Harrison's Precinct, met at the place appointed by law, and made choice of the following town officers : -- Samuel Haviland, Supervisor, William Miller, Town Clerk, Joshua Hunt, ^ ., ^ ^. • John Haight, \ Assessors, "" "^ . Wellsey Dosenbery, ) - - Joseph Carpenter, Highway Master for lower part, David …

William Woodward, " " North street, Job Hadden, " " West and Haight streets, all to the usual bounds. Samuel Haviland, ) r^ a t\ ttmi r> 1 } tence and Damas^e viewers, Thomas Park, ) ° ' Thomas Park, Pownder." At a town meeting held this first day of April, 1783, in Harrison's Precinct, State of New York, the following town officers were chosen to serve the ensuing year :-- '* …

Lewisborough is situated eighteen miles north of tlie village of White Plains, -- distant fifty miles from New York, and one hundred and nineteen from Albany,-- bounded north Presbyterian t'hurcli, Lewisb )rough. j^y ]\^orth Salem, eaSt by the State of Connecticut, south by Connecticut and the towns of Poundridge and Bedford, and west by Somers. This town, prior to 180S, was …

Some of these lands must have subsequently reverted to the Indians, for in 1699 the Kitchawan tribe again released the same territory to Stephanas van Cortlandt. This individual had previously obtained a charter from the » Salem was incorporated on the 18th of March, 1791. b See page 6. 264 HISTORY OF THE Crown, erecting the whole of his possession into the lordship and manor …

The controversy between tlie two colonies of New York and Connecticut concerning it lasted nearly a century, during which time the disputed ground afforded a sort of sanctuary for the most desperate kind of outlaws and robbers. Some improvement, however, must have taken place prior to the settlement of the bomidary, since we find the people living on the Oblong, between the …

Greenwich J April 29th, 1725, when they came to the following agreement as to the means of ascertaining the lines, viz., " they are the westernmost line, called eight miles, the line running east northeast thirteen miles and sixty-four rods from the eight mile line, the line called parallel with the Hudson's River, and twenty miles from it, extending from the end of the line …

" The complete settlement of the boundary line (says the historian Smith) was not made till the 14th of May, 1731, when indentures, certifying the execution of the agreement in 1725, were mutually signed by the commissioners and surveyors of both colonies. "~ •• '. ' / ". ^ Upon the establishment of this partition, a tract of land lying on the Connecticut side, consisting of …

b See Douglas's late Plan of the British Dominions of New England. Vol. L 34 266 HISTORY OF THE have ever since held the possession. Mr. Harrison, of the council, soliciicd this controversy for Sir Joseph Eyles and his partners, which contributed, in a great degree, to the troubles so remarkable in a succeeding administration. "^ Upon the 8th of June, 1731, the following …

John, Samuel Smith, Benjamin Benedict, Richard Olmsted, Thomas Smith, Ebenezer Smith, Daniel Sherwood, Benjamin Burtt, Thomas Hyatt, Benjamin Wilson, Joseph Lee, Joseph Keeler, James Benedict, Richard Osborn, Samuel Smith, Daniel Olmsted, Timothy Keeler, Jonah Keeler, Matthew Seymour, Joseph Northrup, James Brown, Adam Ireland, John Thomas^ and Benjamin Birdsall, inhabitants …

» Smith's Hist, of N. Y. p. 177. COUNTY or WESTCHESTER. 267 quarters of a mile, and fifty-two rods distant on a line ru-nning north eightyfour degrees east from the monument, and the end of the twenty mile line from Cortlandt's Point west to the east end of Long Pond, &c., then along south side of said pond to the easterly bounds of said surrendered lands. The second tract …

The same year letters patent were granted to James Brown of the county of Westchester, gentleman, for •• four several tracts of land within that tract of land called the Equivalent lands, lately surrendered by our colony of Connecticut to our colony of New York, first beginning on the western bounds of the said Equivalent, at the south-west corner of a tract of land in or late …

Upon the partition of Cortlandt's manor in 1734, the lots (included in this town) fell in the following order to the devisees and heirs of Stephanus van Cortlandt, viz., one-half of south lot No. 7, east of the Croton, to Stephen van Cortlandt ; ditto No. 8, Gertrude' Beeckman ; ditto No. 9, Margaret Bayard ; ditto No. 10, Mr. Skinner. The above lots have been long since …

Upon the high hills which rise to the east of Cross river (near the eastern border of the town,) is situated the village of South Salem. This place contains several scattered dwellings, two stores, a post-office, (first established in March, 1813,) and a Presbyterian church. The scenery of the neighborhood is uncommonly beautiful, aboundii]g in rich woods, deep valleys, and …

Besides a small parsonage this church possesses an extensive glebe, consisting of about thirty acres of improved land and seventy of woodland. In the year 1800 the trustees petitioned the legislature for an act to enable them to sell certain lands for the benefit of the church. The act was passed March, 1800, and is entitled an act to authorize the trustees of the Presbyterian …

" Whereas the trustees and society of the Presbyterian church and congregation of the town of Salem, in the county of Westchester, have by their petition to the legislature, prayed for leave to sell, for the benefit of the said church and congregation, certain lands belonging to the said church and congregation, in the town of Salem aforesaid, thereupon : Be it enacted by the …

Provided always that the lands so to be sold by virtue of this act shall not exceed the quantity of fifty acres. ^ Tliis church and congregation are in connection with the Bedford Presbytery. LIST OF MINISTERS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN -CHURCH AT SOUTH SALEM. Instal or call. Ministers. Vacated hy. 19th May, 1752, Rev. Solomon Mead, Death. a Religious Soc. Lib., A. p. 2. b Laws of N …

" Green is the church yard, beautiful and green." •' Ridge rising gently by the side of ridge." In the south-west corner appears a neat marble slab inscribed to the M-emory of the Rev. Solomon Mead, First Pastor of the Presbyterian Church in this place, M. 86. He had the charge of this people, 48 years. Ob. September, 1812. While marble monuments decay The righteous live in …

Some of the most active members of the mission having joined the army, (at the commencement of hostihties,) it was found absolutely necessary to dispose of the building to satisfy the claims of the contractor, Mr. Benjamin Chapman. This individual subsequently purchased it and converted the same into a tavern. For many years it was known as the Churcli tavern. Mr. Chapman …

Theodosius Bartow of New Rochelle, and the same year Mr. George Weller was » Communicated by Henry Keeler and others, b Religious Soc- Lib. A. 272 HISTORY OF THE licensed as a lay reader for the same.^ Occasional services were also performed here by the Rev. Elias Cooper of Yonkers, the Rev. Samuel Haskell of Rye, and the Rev. John McVickarj <fcc. The first delegate from this …

Upon the return of Major Tallmadge, (who it seems had been out on duty,) to North Castle, and having inspected the papers, he earnestly requested, that the prisoner might be brought back, to which Jameson at last consented. In the latter's order of countermand to Lieutenant Allen, he says, "from some circumstances which I have just discovered, 1 have reason to fear, that a …

Tallmadge, if a man by the name of Anderson should come witliin the lines, to send him to head quarters with two horsemen, and to bear him company in person, if his business would permit. This incident, connected with the circumstances of the capture of the prisoner, who called himself Anderson, and with the obvious disguise he now assumed, confirmed l\allmadge's suspicions …

He presented the sketch to Bronson, saying, " this will give you an idea of the style in which I have had the honor to be conducted to my present abode." Li diversions of this kind the morning passed away. As it was known to Andre that the papers found on his person had been transmitted to General Washington, who must soon receive them, and it being now evident, that he would …

"I beg your excellency will be persuaded, that no alteration in the temper of my mind, or apprehension for my safety, induces me to take the step of addressing you ; but that it is to rescue myself from an imputation of having assumed a mean character for treacherous purposes or self interest ; a conduct incompatible with the principles that actuate me ; as well as with my …

Being there, I was told that the approach of day would prevent my return, and that I must be concealed until the next night. I was in my regimentals, and had fairly risked my person. "Against my stipulation, my intention, and without my knowledge beforehand, I was conducted within one of your posts. Your excellency may conceive my sensation on this occasion, and will imagine …

" Having avowed myself a Britisli officer, I have nothing to reveal but what relates to myself, which is true on the honor of an officer and a gentleman. '' The request I have to make to your excellency, and I am conscious I address myself well, is, that in any rigor policy may dictate, a decency of conduct towards me may mark, that, though unfortunate, I am branded with …

Adjutant GeneraU- When he had finished this letter, he handed it open to Major Tallmadge, who perused it with astonishment and strong amotion ; for, although he believed the writer to be a military man, yet he had not supposed him a person of such rank, nor dreamed of the dangerous plot in which he had been acting a part. The letter was sealed and sent to General Washington …

Bronson says, that, on taking leave, he expressed a deep sense of the obligations he was under, for the delicate and courteous treatment he had received from the officers of the reg-iment with whom he had become acquainted, and declared that, whatever might be his future destiny, he could never meet them as enemies. The guard marched all night, and in the morning of the next …

Both are fed and supplied chiefly, (perhaps entirely,) by springs and rivulets from the great Long Pond mountain. The northern shore of the lake is bordered with hanging woods, and surrounded by rocky mountains of the most picturesque form, presenting altogether an interesting scene as the traveller approaches from Lower Salem. The hills on the southern shore are much lower …

It soon made its appearance, and commenced felling a small tree, which it drew to the water's edge ; but the man who had refrained from firing, in order to watch the motions of the animal, making a slight noise, it became alarmed, and suddenly plunged into the water. a The numerous rivers of Westchester county must have afforded (the Indian hunter) an abundant supply of this …

This skin was shipped on board the Princess with Director Kieft, which was lost at sea."=^ The deep waters of Lake Wacabuck afford vast quantities of fish, as pickerel, large perch, eels, (fcc. The two former are said to have been introduced here within a few years. The favorite haunts of the pickerel are the Cove and Raven's rock. Upon the south ridge of Long Pond mountain …

At the foot of the rock is a gentle descent of rich and fertile ground, extending about ten rods, when it instantly forms a frightful precipice, descending half a mile to the pond called Long Pond. In the front of the rock on the north, where the cave is, and level with the ground, there appears a large frustum of the rock, of a double fathom in size, thrown out by some unkown …

Indeed, like nature in its first state, she was without form, her dress appear- ' ed little else than one confused and shapeless mass of rags patched together without any order, which obscured all human shape, excepting her head which was clothed with a luxuriancy of lank grey hair, depending on every side as time had formed it, without any covering or ornament. When she …

To confirm this, a gentleman says he passed her cell five or six days after the great fall of snow, in the beginning of March ; that she had no fire then, and had not been out of her cave since the snow had faMen. How she subsists during the severe season is yet a mystery. She says, she eats but little flesh of any kind ; in the summer she lives on berries, nuts and roots. We …

The southern view from the cave aff'ords a splendid prospect of forty-five miles in extent, terminated by Long Island. From Lake Wacabuck issues the Peppeneghek, or Cross River, (one of the numerous tributaries of the Croton,) upon which is situated the small settlement of Cross River. This place contains a post office, two churches, several manufactories, and twenty …

Near the intersection of the Beaver Dam and Cross River are situated the fishing falls. Golden's Bridge is a small hamlet (located on the banks of the Croton) in the northwest corner of this town. It contains a post office and several dwellings. Vista is a pretty settlement in the southeast corner of Lewisborough. Here is a post office and several dwellings. This portion of …

Jacob Walley, Servuer." ^ "At a town meeting in Salem, 10th day of January, 1763, Resolved that the welfare of the town was endangered by one Dr. Michael Abbott, of Ridgefield, in the colony of Connecticut, who had lately come into the town with sundry other persons, and had inoculated with the small pox one Gershom Sillick, by means of which the people are greatly exposed …

Its length, north and south, is three miles, and its medial width two and a quarter.a The etymology of the name of this place (at different periods spelt Mammarinikes, Mornoronack, Mamarinck, Merinak, and Momoronuck) doubtless refers, like most other Indian words, to some object peculiar to its geographical locality. The last syllable, " neck," or " uck" (uc,) being the …