Brinton, Willard C. Graphic Presentation. New York: Brinton Associates, 1939. Internet Archive: graphicpresentat00brinrich. Brinton's 526-page magnum opus. Page 162 reproduces his own 1921 postcard map lobbying for the Briarcliff-Peekskill Parkway crossing Croton Dam, with a caption crediting the map with helping secure the route's adoption.
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A Comparison of How Much a Dollar Will Buy in Terms of Retail Food Prices in the United States for the Years 1929. 1933. 1937, and 1938. 1. The pictorial unit bar chart is of particular value for popular appeal. It attracts attention even when it does not convey facts. 2. The inclusion of the actual amounts below each row of items in this series of charts makes it valuable not …
The pictorial caption aids in making them universally understood. 3. They have a popular appeal, and yet present facts as clearly and accurately as possible. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION E.X«»tNOITU»«t PL« CAPITA PtR WEEK IN CENTS 40 60 80_ 100 MISCELLANEOUS FOODS U. S Department of Labor, Burcnu of Lat>or Statistics, "Labor Information Bulletin," July 1938. Food Expenditures of Wage …
-n -- ^1 1 1 '•^f 1 1 1^1 1 1 1^1 1 1 r'l 1 1 r'l 1 1 1" III 1 1 M 'Tl 1 1 iTl 1 1 'T' 1 1 \\ J^ii-L.l.i -- - IJ^:-I ■iPiiMii^^ ^^-" L_ « Q-iTf "i « J-t \U- J i l"' ;>, ' • IM ' ^KV : 7 . .1. •. J (JJii. ^.^ "4 i 1 W \ i\' AA II ' ^ - 2 * S _^ 15 -^ i 1 i.. . , . /l* - '^''JsIS, ^ . at i . '' if.^ ixil ?- 1« '^t--- i--i 111 w ^ ^Jp U r J L ' ta 5 '^- ■ ■ ■ t * ■ ■ ' « "1 …
■ t~. ^ » 7 , It j !_:!.:"-:=_ ±± i! > „ ^ I i1 ■ 1 1 "" • ~- '3 i» _ i '. 1 " » 1 _^ _ - 3 ^. .1 > . ..... 1 . . 1 i I .. : ___±:_: :_:? >IacElwee 8s Crandall. Inc . N Y C SCALE .4 B. The Trend In Length, Breadth, and Draft of North Atlantic Passenger Ships from 1830 to 1940. 1. The purpose of this chart was to determine the trend in length, breadth, and draft of passenger …
In this chapter, divisions of the bars are made without reducing all bars to the same length. Of DOtXARS pueuic WORK PRIVATE WORf Federal Reserve Agent, New York, "Monthly Review," Feb. 1, 1937. SCALE .7 A. Total Value of Building and Engineering Contracts in Thirtyseven of the United States, Showing the Proportion of Private and Public Construction from 1932 to 1936. 1. Here …
Since both the vertical scale and the labels are put to the left of the bars, it may be more difficult to read the chart than if one or the other were placed to the right. COMPARISON OF COMPONENT BAR CHARTS torAt, (hAMUo IN oMOcn or size or socio economic cmout in itso) ill i i ^ MEN m WOMCN '^ "i III i nil iii ill i i StUISKILLED CLERICAL SKILLED UNSKILLED DOMESTIC …
I I Increase over 1914 chargeable to increased services. National Education Association. Washington. D. C "Research Bulletin," May 1038. B. Estimated Causes of Increase in School Costs in the United States from 1914 to 1930. This simple classification of reasons for the increase in school costs shows a great deal of study and forethought. A verbal statement would not have been …
Part of an Editorial on Public Relations Entitled A Program for Public Relationi." SCALE .9 B. Distribution of Income of the Manufacturing Industries in the United States from 1929 to 1935. 1. The chief significance of this chart lies in the arrangement of component parts of the bars so that there is a common starting point for each classification. 2. The omission of a scale …
This chart should be read as follows: while the median group spends one dollar for food, the income group receiving from $500 to $749 per year spends sixty-two cents, and tK» tonno to $2400 group spends $1.23. SCALE .6 POUNDS (MILLIONS) QUANTITY or TOBACCO RETAINED FOR HOME CONSUMPTION 1923 I92S 1927 1929 1931 1933 1935 1937 U. S. Department of ARriculturc, Bureau of …
Nework, N J. Baltimore, Md. Albuquerque, N Me« Phiiodelptiio, Po Bridgeport, Conn. Sioui Foils, S Ook Roctiester, NY. Tucson, Ariz. Butte, Mont. Portlond, Maine Peofio.lll Foil River, Mass. Atlcnto, Go Rictimond, Vo. Buftolo, NY. Averoge, 59 cities Omoho, Nebr Monchester, N. H. Norfolk, Vo Denver, Colo. Konsos City, Mo. Providence, R I Binghomton, N Y. Soil Loke City, Utoh …
Note the inclusion of the numerical values of the bars in the column at the left and the inclusion of the average for the 59 cities enumerated in this chart. COMPARISON OF COMPONENT BAR CHARTS m cl Jon Apr 1933 1934 WPA. Division of Socinl Research. "TrpnHs in Rrlicf Ex()fn(liturfs Oct Jon Apf Jul Ocl Dec SCALE .7 A. Percentage Distribution of Monthly Expenditures for Public …
INCOME PRODUCED AND PAID OUT MINING AND QUARRYING I9W (950 1951 I9J2 I95J I9i4 INCOME PRODUCED AND PAID OUT METAL MINING INCOME PRODUCED AND PAID OUT NON-METAL MINING 19J0 1951 INCOHr PAID OUT ETI3 BUSINESS SAVINGS NEGATIVE BUSINESS SAVINGS EnRincrrinR and MininE Journnl. Ortobrr 1038, Part of an Editorial on Public Rrlationt Entitled "What MiimiK Mfani to the United Slates." …
Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, "Construction Activity in the United States 1915-1937," 1938. B. Percentage Distribution of Gainful Workers in Manufacturing, Mechanical, and Construction Industries in the United States from 1870 to 1930. Note that in 139A above, the division at the very top is labelled "Manufacturing, Mechanical and Construction." This chart is a …
Supplemental Water Required to Provide 18 Inches Total Water for Crop Use Per Day from May to October on Soils Having Various Infiltration Capacities in Atlanta, Georgia, and Bismarck, North Dakota, from 1930 to 1932. 1. These cities were only two of several for which this analysis was made. 2. The necessity for reservoirs and dams is clearly shown in an effective form …
and could not make evident the interrelations clearly shown in chart form. CHARACTERISTICS 1. Both actual amounts and percentages should be given. 2. When there is one bar to represent the total of all the others, it should be the same width as the others. 3. The amount scale may be placed at both the left and the right of the chart, or it may be placed on the side of greater …
IS29 32 3» -36 l92«-32 -15 -36 19M 32 -35 -36 l«2« 32 '3i -J« CHCMICAL & ORUC FOOD k FOOD PRODUCTS STORES TOBACCO INDUSTRIALS UTILITIES EXCEPT TEL COS. Federal Rcstrve ARrnt at New York, "Monthly Review." April 1, 1Q37. SCALE .7 Annual Net Profits or Deficits of 727 United States Industrial and Mercantile Concerns, Class I Railroads, and 62 Public Utility Companies Other Than …
Dun's Rrvicw, April 1Q38. SCALE .5 Hypothetical Use of the Regional Trade Barometer of Dun's Review in a Comparison of Increases or Decreases of a Company's Sales from Month to Month in Each Sales District. Trade Barometers for 29 Regions in the United States in Which the Indexes of November 1938 Are Compared With the Indexes of November 1937 in Percentage Reductions or …
This chart does not present plus and minus quantities, but is, however, in bilateral bar chart form. It should be noted that the sum of the lengths of the bars on one side of the zero line is equal to the sum of the lengths of the bars on the other side. As a result, the scale might represent either percentages or "millions of acres." Percent 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 2. ^ .^^ ^ …
Profit-and-Dividend Status of 348 Corporations in the United States for the Period from 1929 to 1935. Here again is a group of 100% bar charts. Note that the two types of crosshatchtngs below the zero line are in the classification "unprofitable" while the two above the zero line are in the classification "profitable." The zero line might well be heavier to emphasize this …
0. i coy, OTHER DIReCT LOANS TOTAL INVISTMCHTS 0«uC iMf ON SCCUKITIIS • I S.« LOANS COMMJRCIAL LOAMS RIAL tSTATt LOANS TOTAL Zt.I 12 « a. 2 •NOC« NUUSlKi i»«><oa ^^^^^^^^^^^^^M 2.S I92« l«30 1931 1932 1933 1934 I93i 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1933 LOANS INVESTMENTS National Industrial Conference Board, Inc., N. Y. C, February 7, 1936. SCALE .7 Loans and Investments of the …
The point of interest in this chart is the net income or deficit of the various railroads. Tlic number of miles of line were probably included to show that there is no evident relationship between the length of the railroad and profit or loss. 2. The dividing line between the two groups of bars in this chart is not a zero line with plus and minus quantities to right and left …
The method of reading tfiis chart is as follows: according to the 1930 census about 42% of male gainful workers were in the manufacturing and mechanical industries. In 1934 about 52% of the men on relief designated manufacturing and mechanical industries as their former place of employment. This latter fact does not seem so startling in view of the first statement. Chapter 17 …
As both the percentage of the total number of hours and the earnings per hour are given, it is possible to compute from this chart the actual amount of expenditure for each type of project. 2. The chart indicates without computation in which projects earnings are above the average and which ones fall below. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION •f 140 •f 110 •f I to ♦ MO ••> I 00 -♦-9 0 + 00 …
Weighting the bars by showing volume as well as price gives a more accurate picture than a simple bilateral chart would Rive. However, a representation of volume is not always necessary. AREA BAR CHARTS CHARACTERISTICS OF AREA BAR CHARTS: 1. Useful in presentinj; material which ^ivcs parts of a total. 2. They show in one view two independent {groups of facts. ■(M"M foci '•L …
If only the percentage covered in each type of industry were given, the representation would be obviously false. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION Massachusrtts Institute of TechnoloRy, "The. Technology Review." February 1933. Occupational Distribution in 1930 of 134 MIT Graduates of the Classes of 1917 to 1929 Inclusive. 1. This chart is in reality a group of 100% bar charts. It was …
Synonyms for statistical map are cartogram, map chart. GENERAL REFERENCES Paullin, Charles O., Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States, Carnegie Institute of Washington and American Geographical Society of New York, 1932 Raisz, Erwin, General Cartography, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York City, 1938 Encyclopedia Americana. Outline Sketch of Borgia Map of the …
Base maps to be used for presenting quantitative data may be secured from the following companies: American Map Co., New York, N. Y. Educational Exhibition Co., Providence, R. I. C. S. Hammond ^^ Co., New York, N. Y. Rand-McNally Co., New York, Chicago, Washington, D. C, San Francisco, and Los Angeles Maps may be ordered in many different forms: paper; clothmounted; sized …
This enables the Map Information Office generally to state whether or not an area has been photographed, and if so. from what source prints are procurable. The following are important government mapping agencies from which maps may be obtained directly: Geological Survey, U. S. Department of Interior. Basic topographic maps of approximately one-half the United States. Key wo* …
The polyconic projection employs an infinite number of tangent cones. The starting point for these cones is at the middle parallel or latitude of the area mapped. 4. See 267. ^^^ GRAPHIC PRESENTATION |e Kcuffel H Essrr Co , New York City. Map Measuring Device. This instrument is used to measure lines and distances on a map. The small wheel follows the line and the distance is …
Maps and charts required in navigation in foreign waters and on high seas. Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Engineer Reproduction Plant, Fort Humpfireys, D. C. Special topographic maps of areas of military importance. Some topographic maps not covered by the Geological Survey. Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Geographic maps of national forests. Topographic maps …
£ •> o» ^ ^j c a c ■^ c o s « *^ o. a -D « c o w "5 Jt a "« o £ :: 0) j: u. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION 0) S t ^ 2 GENERAL USE OF MAPS Courtesy of Commission of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia From Exhibit at New York Worlds Fair, 193Q Inclined Rotating Globe So Balanced That Only Support Is Half-Inch Tube Containing Electric Wires. 1. Land with the exception of the …
Special feature of this globe is that it is supported by a half-inch diameter tube and rotated by internal mechanism so balanced that the axis of the earth is inclined in the proper relation. Celluloid of Australia is removable as a man-hole cover so that a small workman may go inside if necpssary. Mirror below assists in accenting the southern polar region relative to …
Various maps relating to agricultural economics. Chapter 19 GUIDE AND ROUTE MAPS o ne purpose of guide and route maps is to show details which might be helpful in planning moves from one point to another. The form of guide and route maps is well known, and may be used for classifications as well as for routes. REFERENCES National Resources Committee, Suggested Symbols for …
3. Words alone would have presented a less striking argument. -*r e Orisinal at Pror>otcd by Willard C. Brinton in 1921. SCALE .7 GRAPHIC PRESENTATION |C= '"^ IkM 1^2 ^ ^^ \ A B mm # \\ ^ A. Anatolia and Arabia Superinnposed on the United States to Illustrate Their Relative Areas. Seldom is a verbal explanation of the difference in area of two countries satisfactory. Presented …
A Comparison of the Air Line Routes in 1928 and in 1938 of What Is Now the Eastern Air Lines in the United States. 1. A "then" and "now" comparison is easily made on two maps. 2. Note that a great deal of black ink was used and that as a result the routes and the names of the cities are easily seen. SCALE .8 B. Connparison of the Areas of the United States and Europe. Compare …
,o "a ^ c « a o o C ♦- *; C .2 o t; s H H GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ..., iJCCUTU> QOUTU Nnlional Rt-sourcc» Board. "Statf PlanninR." 1035. SCALE .5 A. Existing Routes of Midwestern Airways and Routes Suggested by the Iowa State Planning Board. 1. Because its state planning board prepared this map, Iowa is emphasized. 2. The inclusion of states other than Iowa makes it clear why the …
SCALE 6 GRAPHIC PRESENTATION Kit A en U»l T T < ■ffljnf C/imfiinf uiamondmU *^ National Rrsourcrs Board, "State Planning," 1935. Recreation Facilities of the State of Rhode Island In 1935. SCALE .7 By means of numerous line drawings, a base map could easily be converted into a pictorial map similar to the one shown above. GUIDE AND ROUTE MAPS . t|li»E)S{£Si»SI|§l<|| ill I! in! …
On it are marked positions of cities, indicated by circles; mountains, indicated by scales; and rivers, indicated by wavy lines. RELIEF AND AERIAL MAPS REFERENCES ON MAP PROJECTION Hinks. A. R., Map Projections, Cambridge University Press, England. 1922 Wnrrrn H ManniiiK. A National Plan Study Brief." Landsca()« Architecture. July 1923. American A»iociation of Land»cape …
in this form. Federal Power Commission, National Power Survey, "Cost of Distribution of Electrkily," l'J35 SCALE .5 B. Essential Parts of a Complete Electric Power System. 1. In this diagram of the essential parts of a complete electric power system, a hypothetical land lay-out is used, since the important point is to include the information in the smallest possible space. 2 …
This is an example of a pictorial map suggesting contours and character of the region represented. 2. For popular presentation, this combines the qualities of the pictorial and relief types of map. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION yHwr\j }^ f AKHIC* ^ Ht^lxi SOUTH %^ AMERICA / l(hi .i^'iiiJ'Jtiiii'i .Pi/ftillf .MiitP.ilts Iiliia|l«ii(a 'JsnlaC'KJ 9'« SCALE .7 .;^^ SCALE .5 A Map Drawn on …
X he variety of cross hatchings available and the use of several colors are great aids in making statistical maps. Cross hatched and colored maps are especially adaptable to the presentation of frequency distribution data. For suggestions relative to the use of gradations of cross hatchings and colors, see Chapter 44, "Suggestions for Making a Chart." Not* Connecticut ond …
The basis for coloring the states was according to the income of the population of those states. Since the income in the United States is not distributed uniformly throughout the United States, an area comparison is not valid. 3. This would be a true presentation of facts only if the area of each of the states were in uniform proportion to its wealth. LEGEND ■ Proporuon of …
In choosing shadings be sure they are distinctive. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ^U c •J •o <■ jC Q. ■9 w O. ■«-> <0 *»« o o c o o *J m a- -- bfl 1) a> ^ o ^ (t u jC o 4^ c c •"• m .2 "5 t: a a» « c '** > •«^ 0) . u a 0> eg Q^ b •o c o •o < «A fS •0 (0 4) o c r/) o o !*- •V ni • <0 m 0^ c •1 o a> a -o 5 V G bO V C "2 s . u ."t vz op 13 3 o K ■*- cB .2? a: ~ ^ -5 o 5. •5 -O U3 OB o ■" c …
A comparison of these two maps shows at a glance the sections in which the greatest growth of population had taken place in a period of 110 years. 2. In view of the 1920 map, see 179A. 182i GRAPHIC PRESENTATION 5^ \5< Bev National Association of Motor Bus Operators, Washington, D. C, "Bus Facts for 1938." A. Rafes of Gasoline Tax Per Gallon in the Various States as of January …
These state pieces are interchangeable, and there are six sets of shadings from which to choose. The time required to prepare such a density map, photographing included, is about one hour, compared with eight hours if the shading had been done by a draftsman. CROSSHATCHED AND COLORED MAPS N Y New York Hrrald Tribune, September 20, 1938. A. Racial Minorities in Western …
Its value here lies not as a map for study, but rather as an example of what can be done on a map in the way of regional planning. CROSSMATCHED AND COLORED MAPS U-: O r= H o E o •£ 2 > O bfl T3 « •^ Si) ce £ p o u o u u I) -o rzi o n C .= w <9 " •i: « 3 C ♦' i It o -jg ii S - 2 -- > GRAPHIC PRESENTATION MOKSt Povvr... ^ 7.000.000 - 4.000.000 - 7.000.000 t.ooo.ooo - «.OOOjOOO …
In this form, the dots or pins represent numerical values and effectively show geographic location. The placing of the dots is an important item. If the exact geographic distribution of the data is known, the placing of the dots is no problem. However, when the data is in the form of general geographic distribution, such as data for an entire state, the dots are distributed …
In a dot map it is important to know whether the dot has been placed in its exact geographical position or whether the dots are distributed within a county or state irrespective of the exact location. 2. In this case, there is little doubt but that the dots were placed where the potatoes were produced. WPA. Division of Social Research. 'Rural Youth on Relief." 1037. SCALE 8 B …
Amount of Emergency Crop and Feed Loans Extended by the Farm Credit Administration, by Counties in the United States in 1932 and 1933. 1. The distribution of the dots in this chart is definitely by counties. 2. The shift from the Dakotas in the one year period is quite pronounced. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION Sidewalk -f PRIVj Private driveway A. Graphic Distribution of Position at …
Although no key accompanied this chart, according to another map in the same pamphlet, the dots represent population. The numerical value of each dot was not given. 2. The important feature about this map is the use of color to emphasize the circle around Toronto. DOT AND PIN MAPS U. S. Department of Af(riculturr. Bureau of Aftricultural Economics. Number of Slaves In the …
Residence of the Men of the Class of 1907, Harvard University, Six Years After Graduation. The Bead Wire for Boston Includes All Men Living Within Twenty-five miles of the City Hall. 1. Rather than have a pin for each individual stuck in the map around the city in which he Hved, a bead was put on a wire for each person in the same city. 2. Every tenth bead on a wire is white …
Knamrl Spot* mil 1(0 ftir- II I K h r (I hm n I) A H H or iltoss If <|iiilrrcl. @ 5eries4500 ® 5ene3.,,.^55G Q (iU Series 650 II. c. oil WrII Pin. Shii|>o rr»'nilil<-» oil woll ilrrrlrk ("iiii Im' Niiiipllril wllh iwiHcolort'd lioiid Map RInft. ('olori-<l rilliilolil rlMK for slliipliie ovrr hi-:iil of pin lo Indlciilr aititllloii;il f:ict. ^ PIni and Deads C2 Series I An …
Where several cuctomers are In one town or city hulldlne. alternate lar>;e and small heads are |ille<l on a lont; |iln. Sec Illustration (li). Serlies 34.150 Glass Head Pins Series Celluloid Tacki Pins and Tacks with Writinit Surface. Rough surface claits head pins and roii(?h surface celluloid lacks are convenient because you can write data on them with pencil or with India …
Red beads indicated assessed valuations on buildings, while green represented assessed valuations on land. Each bead represented a certain number of dollars and each pin represented an individual property. The wide adaptability of this material is evident. ■ Chapter 23 MAPS WITH CIRCLES AND SECTOR CHARTS THE chief advantage of placing circles and sector charts on maps is that …
Since it is difficult to determine the relative areas of circles, a very clear and concise scale should be given. The two methods above give the measurement of the diameters which would correspond to given area representations. MAPS WITH CIRCLES AND SECTOR CHARTS Each diac rapi American Petroleum Institute, N. Y. C , "Petroleum Facts and Figures," 1937. A. Gasoline Tax Rates …
The areas of the circles show the amount of cash income. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION i •2 o 5 *^ O' ^ « ■0 _c « w o w **- u ca •*- m '3 k. »♦- a> Q. <0 a « 'c u u. c »♦- J3 » n c 0) ]q. Q. ^ 0, •j Ic >t .£ i c o I/) u > an J3 m •0 "a -D c "o « u *J "0 -♦- o u 0£ < L. ♦^ <D "o c U3 eg . b ro '^ ro •"- **^ rn ■0 T3 c 1/ -- og u *♦- c "3 tn u u 1) ■•- p c < •0 "o >. c c ^ ^rt c c J3 'S …
Study of Migration To and From Four Drought States, Based on Place of Residence in 1910. 1. The four maps on the left show the states to which native white migrants have gone, and the four maps on the right show the states from which residents of the four states in 1910 have come. 2. Although a general idea of the amount of migration to and from these four states is obtained …
MAPS W ND SECTOR CHARTS 1Q9 < £ ♦^ w » z u _» w < £ <A r") »- Qi z o i < o _J o _J i z o o u. < z oc o u i?^' o tn -Rj-*.' .,.X y 1 ^''- v.* » LL C o 2 « C/3 S •^ ID V ? a c " £ -- ce -i: c .2 "5 o M *' p O E _ U .£ aj - 2 c 2 - c4 Chapter 24 MAPS WITH BAR CHARTS ars superimposed on a map allow a great many comparisons not possible with one cross hatched map. Time-series bars …
Geographical Shift in Cof+on Manufacturing in the United States from 1923 to 1937. 1. Bar charts may be used as effectively as sector charts in presenting information for geographical divisions. 2. Note the method of outlining in black the section of the United States to which specific groups of bars refer. 3. See 93 A 4. MAPS WITH BAR CHARTS "The Frdrral Chart Book," Prepared …
When it it impossible to put the bars on top of the state, such as is the case with Rhode Island and New Jersey, arrows connecting the bars with the state aid in reading the chart. Compare with 202A. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics. SCALE .4 A. Average Sales Per Farm Through Cooperative Associations for Each of the United …
The Number of Persons Crossing 59th Street South Bound in New York City, by Railroads, Rapid Transit, Trolleys, and Vehicles for a Typical Business Day in 1932-- (24-hour Period). A traffic study of a particular street is perhaps best presented in this way rather than as a flow map with the width of the lines proportional to the traffic. MAPS WITH BAR CHARTS LEGEM D 1924 …
Frmdi and S(Mnali torctt « Cotonal Man; Bntnii m RawlMtenan and 1112 Wrni. Miucam n MaxcM Vnr and 1mm teipH^; Coniadirato m Civd Wv. Battta ...__..„_ ■X Drawn Battle • FHNnt oaup«d • F>oint occupied and later abandoned o o Pouit taken against resistance o V* Unsuccessful ste(e w F^nt taken after ittft ■,..- Blockade %,, H fl Headquarters HO. rtO Winter quarters «» Surrender e …
whose line of march is indicated by the blue line Symbols representing earlier routes are broken so as to appear to pass beneath those representing routes or other operations ol later date Successive occupations, sieges etc . ol the same place are shown by concentric circles or semicircles, the inner ones representing operations of earlier date For example might snow place ili …
MAPS WITH BAR CHARTS r^J N' ifl64 1865 •M«<Mrl<aal y*' JLJ). Charlr« O. Paullin. "Atla* of the Hittorical Geography of the United States," CarncKie Institute of Washington and American Geographical Society of New York, 1932. SCALE .5 Two Historical Maps Showing the Progress of the Civil War from 1863 Through 1865 and a Resume of the Entire War. The bars and war lines in the …
Chapter 25 MAPS WITH CURVE CHARTS THE three statistical maps in this chapter, all of which deal with precipitation, demonstrate the value of showing the location of data for geographic regions. While other maps may show that there was rainfall, these maps show the actual amount of precipatation. See "Flow Maps," pages 216-230. Although curve charts have not been discussed up …
o O u « 0. .ii . Q. ^ § a O to s w 1- 2 5! K < _ a» S .E 2 > I I GRAPHIC PRESENTATION < T-^'" r i Z : I ^- -- 4 s . ' t 5' ^ j: 1 f \ ' 1 "^^ r, i ^ : . S »'! ^-.-1...... J. ^^■ i-i -- i _;izzi 1 3 o -o o I ^ o C ^ o t ^ I .2 „ 3 O ^ Chapter 26 '''* ^"'"^ '*'°'''''' "■'' I93Q. MAPS WITH SYMBOLS QUANTITATIVE material may be presented in the form of symbols by increasing the …
«li* '1)1,1' A MJUOUC ROUC . N Ht • CM4»L0TTt KC , "Ml iiiiiiiiii, "Mil "llli , \, J ''"•Ill ^^ , ll '^Ill>""'>llllllll,, I "0 WPA. E>ivision of Social Research. "Urban Workers on Relief," 1936. SCALE .7 A. Principal Occupations in Selected Cities of the United States in 1936. No quantitative data is presented in this map. It is merely a device to show the principal …
Map of the Eclipse of the Sun June 9th and 8th. 1937. By the use of symbols, a time-analysis of the eclipse of the sun is made. The "date line" showing the change from Wednesday to Tuesday is particularly interesting. MAPS WITH SYMBOLS National Rrtourcr* Board, "State Planning." 193S. SCALE .7 Metallic Ores and Rare Minerals in Maine, August 1934. The purpose of this symbol …
Map of Credit and Sales Conditions in the United States in July 1938. Since interest is chiefly in the "active-and-up" cities, the choice of a solid black symbol to represent them was a logical one. Chapter 27 FLOW MAPS Jflow maps may be used to show both qualitative and quantitative flow of goods, persons, automobiles, etc. When a flow map is used to indicate the number of …
American Mutual Liability Insurance Co., Boston, Mass., "Watch," 1939. SCALE .6 B. A Map of Hurricanes Which Have Occurred Between September 16 and 30 During the Last Fifty Years in the Eastern Part of the United States. 1. During the half-century ten hurricanes have struck inland in the latter half of September. 2. Hurricanes usually originate off the northern coast of South …
Origin and Ports of Destination of Cargo Shipments of Bituminous Coal from the Great Lakes in the United States in 1932. The tonnage of the various shipments of coal is given at the end of each line. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION American Telephone and Tflfgraph Company, N. Y. C. SCALE .6 Map Showing Where the Hurricane of I9?8 Hit Hardest in the United States. This map of the path of …
.2 • > c GRAPHIC PRESENTATION National Rrsourcrs Board. "State Planning," 193S. SCALE .5 A. Migration Into and fronn North Dakota for the Period from 1920 to 1930. 1. In the original of this map, the migration from North Dakota was indicated in red ink. 2. The two groups of figures in each state give the inflow and outflow. The top figure represents the outflow to North …
M V C 2 ^ i I « « O '-' O I " ^ •i ® T3 » ^ M- ^ C 3 •£ S :h a * GRAPHIC PRESENTATION National Re«ourc«i Board, "State Planning," 1935. SCALE 7 Average Daily Traffic on Michigan Trunk Line Highways Based on the Years 1930 and 1931. 1. The legend for this traffic map might have been better if a scale for the widths of line had been given. 2. The inclusion of the names of the …
SCALE .6 B. Suburban Passenger Rush Hour Car Movement to and from Chicago Terminals from 5 to 6 p.m. Comparison of the routes taken by two groups of passengers is made in these two traffic maps. A. Main Line Passenger Rush Hour Car Movement to and from Chicago Terminals from 7 to 8 a.m. Each line represents 10 nrullion dollars' worth of petroleum products American Petroleum …
< a> m -^ t^ .i o» «J ^ !r o u tT> ,2 <0 > m c ^ ^-- ^ -a c ^» « ,„ a> 4J •o ■;: ■;; e E H H D ^ ^ FLOW MAPS North Jersey Transit Commisiion, "Summary of 1926 Report, Rapid Transit for Northern New Jersey," January IS. 1926. Diagram Showing Routing and Density of New Jersey Passenger Traffic to and in New York City in 1924. 1. A great many people commute to New York City from …
u •V a o u T) r. i < -C u en a c o u :i c 0) ro bfi (O >> ^ 4> ^ u. «> ^ a> ^ c (S •^ c u » o T3 *-4 a •-»- c 0) c o n i >% Ou o o •a o a o o in o u •-- > u o <n u in be c > *^ o b n w« (0 o u j: u 2 t o c « .5 B '^ -2 ti o o FLOW MAPS UMITOrttMC uMTT ormc LEGEND -- tS MMUn MWt ■WITT.-«UT5lOt LHWT OT ] ^ SOiMUTtzoMC-ftHAjQ-ovniOC LMwr or] o«an t»-- WT anc mu. Odnnca rwM sr*n …
Time Zones on Seventeen Highway Routes to and from Corner Parle and Trennont Streets in Boston During the Morning and Evening Rush Hours from June to September 1927. While most of the traffic maps give the amount of traffic, this map gives the length of time it takes to get into Boston from outlying districts. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION -- JZ u M- 3 s r 0) (S >« o o r <8 r s o» o l> …
Robert Waril. Cliiiiatts of tht Umtrcl States. " Ginn & Co., Boston and Nrw York, I'liS. Average Annual Number of Rainy Days in the United States. 1. While the contour map is best known for its use in uivinn the topography of land, it may also be used to show preci(>itation. temperatures, and erosion. 2. Since no key for the shadinus was nivin with this map. it is rather …
The reports on this map arc for exactly the same time; that is, although it was 7:30 p.m. Eastern standard time, it was several hours earlier by the clock on the Pacific Coast. 2. Compare this method of indicating rain with the method shown in 234A. CONTOUR MAPS National Resources Board. "State PlannioK." 1035. A. Topographic Map of Colorado, Showing Contour Lines af Intervals …
Note particularly the use of shaded areas to indicate rain. □ Erosion unimpo'toni, •icept locolly a Moderate sheei and gully erosion, serious locoliy k/)Si qii wind erosion, tlUmode'Oie sheel ond gully erosion ■ Moderate to severe wind erosion, some gullying locally ■ Moderate lo severe erosion includes mesas, mountains, canyons ond bodlonds ^M Severe sheet and gully erosion …
Since a key to the shadings is given in this map, it is much easier to read than 231. CONTOUR MAPS 1870 1910 LEGEND INHABITANTS PER SOUARC MILE I I FEWER THAN 2 ^^ 2-5 JH 6 - 17 Q IS - 44 ((45-89 90 AND MORE WPA, Division of Social Rrsrarrh, "The People of the DrouEht States." March 1037. Density of Population in the Drought Area in the United States for the Years 1870, 1890 …
The theory beliind the construction of a distorted map is to represent the area of each state as proportional in size to some value other than land area. Thus the geo- Kraphical position of tlie state is maintained, and the new area values can be compared. DISTORTED MAPS 2A^) SWEDEN NORWAY Electrical Worki. January 6, 1Q23. SCALE .7 A. Comparative Size of Leading Nations If …
Horsepower is one of many things which a distorted map may present. 'Mour\t«in Wost North Ewt North 4* $621/ Central C«nti»l 7.2^^ »3.Z78 31 7-».^ $14.383 Weat South East South Central Central 4 2'. $1914 3 3*. $1,496 Buiine»» Week, June 12, 1937, New York City. SCALE .6 B. The United States With the Areas of the States Proportional to Their Manufacturing Output in 1935. 1 …
\7.7ir. (1^303.300 KglklTUeWv^ TCNNCSSK 7.45V. ♦ 7,044.112 MISS. ALABAWA 2.6?*/. ♦2.481 .7 2 b ,MJ 6A ,_ VIRGINIA I 7»% «l.»kO.034 NORTH CAROLINA * 3.743.300 SOUTH CAROUNA 9. 36'/. ♦ 8.852.000 FLORIDA U0% il.i>«.<l5 Public Utilities Fortnightly, February 3, 1938, Washington, D. C. How Each State Shared in PWA Allotments for Non-Federal Power Projects as of July I, 1937. Only a …
Anirriran Iron & Steel Institute. New York City. 'Safety in Steel." Deiember 10.18. The Safety-Record Rating of the Steel Industry In the United States Fronn 1934 to 1937. The ratinK chart is a relatively sin-.ple kind of Rraphic chart and may take a variety of forms. This chart merely i;ives the position of "Steel" on a safety score board in 1-2-3 order. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION …
- - - r JMODOO -- 4UU0U1 . 2 ' - - Vm jgg i?7 - ^ \ .1 K^ / aXBU \ Tj " i - SBCnD / i 1 ' > ~J 1 \ soon "a xaa i ; A J A. / ^UXIlt tjf * 1 f -- - - f - - - - > > > ... - ii rf t •1 Fl i* ™ if /. > ••l^ \ k - ^'.A *' ^\ / - - .1 j« j4 > ^^ if^ /ti > «l .fi .! Jj^™^. i.t .1 ,r'i 4! ■u!"" ^ ■n f?n?^*> (1 mrnih li U-UNITCO KING yjA r Atl it ( i-e n lu ■IT» Automotive Industries …
8,000,000 automobiles to Canada, while the United Kingdom was the only other country among the 40 principal nations that shipped any to Canada. RATING CHARTS wro MoDtuia. Idaho . . DakoU. . Arixuna.. Wyoming Rank • NrwYork t Prno. 3 IlliniiU 4 Ohio 5 Miiiouri • Trial T Ma.t. A Iniliaoa 9 Mi< hiftaa 10 I«wa 11 ('•rorfoa It Krnturky 13 Witniniin 14 Trnnr^MT 15 N r»r<.lina 16 Nrw …
The column at the left gives the key number for each state, while the column at the right gives the rank of the state in 1900. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION Share of r. c c a &I u s a «. o rruK'iB.v III exports of in imports of * * * * + • • ( 'oloiiibKi in exports of ill imports of • • * * * Kpthcrlandfl in exports of \V»^t Indips in imports of * • • * + « + Ii>'li:» in exports of in …
in imports of » * • * ' Trinnla.l m exports of in imports of « * * » * * * * + 4> All otliir^ jii exports of in inipiirfs of + + - + + + - + - _ + + * Not umoni; tun leading trading nations. Increases ( -f-) Decreases ( -- ) Clianilirr of Commerce of U. S . ForeiRn Conimercr DepI , WashinRton, D. C "South America's Trade." 1').18. Increases and Decreases in the Share of …
When there is more than one footnote beneath an illustration, each is numbered. Thus the cross reference 267B2 means page 267, illustration B, note 2. TOPICAL INDEX (2nd Half) ^47 Place ri^ht thtiiiib on tri<m^lc, /infers irisidc back cover. Spin pu^es to desired chapter. 248-255 .U. Chronoiogy Charts ^ 256-262 32. Progress Charts < 263-274 33. Curve Charts ^ 275-285 34 …
Quantitative Cartoons 475-485 56. Quantitative Posters 486-493 57. Displays and Exhibits 494-496 58. Dioramas 497-500 59. Graphic Charts in Conference Rooms 501-505 60. Glossary 506-511 Index (For 1st Half of TOPICAL INDEX, See Puge 1) Chapter 31 CHRONOLOGY CHARTS X he practice of showing time as a straight line is utilized in making chronology charts. Often the line is …
This form is valuable in planning vacations so that two persons doing the same type of work will not be on vacation. CHRONOLOGY CHARTS u .J < u (0 s -- Showing Iving Relics that item is nimals lived. si d ^° to < :^ <: o < C E N 0 Z 0 I C 60,000,000 YEARS o a: >. k. a >, ic n £ < u u c ij t> « 1 servative f Are "L »nd when cinds of a age. '3 Radicals, Conservatives, and …
Animals -- •Laying K^ tart a new illustrate demonstrat U4 W 1 <o CO 1 ^ asses of and Egg we often s are used to r clear and U4 Dm k: U. < M E 5 0 Z 0 I C 1 40,0 0 0,00 0 YEARS o G 5 stence of Three C That the Opossums sozoic," me as a straight line, le stops. Here lines i IS make the titles mor< o to ir> 1^ •Si io to li ! ^ 1 ;ngth of Ex' Graphically from the Me hinkiog of ti …
F. P Foisir. "DrrHsiiali/inK L<inK%h(>rc- Liilxir hikI thr Sriitllr ExptiKiu' Sriittlr. W;i»h . Ftl.riiary 1. I'I.I4 Walrrfrciiil Employers iif SCALE 7 The Working Year of Pacific Lighterage Corporation Deep Sea Gangs by Days for 1932, Showing Analysis of Broken Working Tinne and Leisure Time. Prfsi-nti-d aloHK a horizontal line instead of in a circle, this stiuly would have …
This chart shows the influence of Italian painters during the Renaissance upon others, as well as the chronological place of each painter. CHRONOLOGY CHARTS 4000BC AO i i i 1 i i i I i i » r I < i i ■ i i g I mn m anumi « ■•■ Ma fo •ouit iw itmm mtota » nc orriMin onauvM I AD-OME '::r iwdo v i ■CD* V nc Mimic noinaior M o«tii«(>i Frank J. Roo«, "An Illustrated Handbook of Art …
C C o r. -c -- "t ™ W - £ U CHRONOLOGY CHARTS -- " T SHtrVlELO FARMS CO - 28 TM ST - nit w. 1 L OI*T)liavTION Of Tl M tLCMCNT IN MILK OCLIVIKT - OCTQU •OUTt T m r I r I i I I 1 I 1 1 l« MOD M MOON 1 (tullO II tTO*> 1 1 1 lum OI.1. r - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CtiQN 0< ■ ■ m m ■ r^ -- All moult in 0 H NCWV ■ r m m ■ M-. ■ ' •mm I^D] I ■ ■ »»0 C^i"- '"'*- .1 JOM,(\ 4l^'l><•^ in 1 L.- 1 1 …
0 0<>« HO*Jt W»<iON lOOOMlLtS Ji$TO»>» | ^ KA*r«SS ANO HiVcM UP on vice VtKiA i J 1 1 1 : ^ ^ LOADi'nC O* UNLOAOIlic I 1 1 1 1 ^ aurMiNC TO on foou DouTC 1 III '3 T»AV LLINCONNOU+t "■ 1 III HOWNS ■ ■ 9 TMAfriC OtLAT r 1 ) 1 « ■ STANDING ON MAUTC r 1 .'o 1 .'. , Elfctric Storagr Battery Co.. Philadelphia, "Exide-Ironclad Topics," May 1Q33. A. Study of the Time Spent Delivering …
The illustration na.s <lniwn rnlin-ly \>y hnml lo show the possibilities of han<l cross-hatching for bringing out information ordinarily shown in several colors Chapter 32 PROGRESS CHARTS l3 ynonyms for progress charts as used in this chapter are schedule charts, Gantt charts, procedure charts, process charts, production control charts. REFERENCES Clark, Wallace, The Gantt …
December 1919. A Production Progress Chart. SCALE .9 1. The solid black lines represent the schedule, while the dotted lines represent the progress made to date. 2. Note the percentage schedule per week and total at the bottom of the chart. This indicates that the job has progressed faster than schedule. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ^^ Organication to arriral In Franoe ▲rrlTal In …
some form of proRrcss chart aids in determining where certain jobs are, how far they have progressed, and how much more has to be done before the job is completed. 2. The use of colors makes a progress schedule valuable for display. . A mx ■ DEPT ^ <r'"vor- •|»|C-L. __. :.. .-"- U.^r..^ , ! , • 1 L"..- J 1 V » -, • 1 i ■ U. o a' •• ♦ ^ V • ■ {^l o (T 1 ' ;' ♦ \ \ 0 i ' rv; o a …
Progress Schedule. Duririf; tht- proRrcss of the job. the horizontal lines in color, represented the quantity of work done. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION /f \ lltiijl:. .i|_ t\, »»> PROGRESS CHARTS i-i « h w ^ V eg ►J M « .5 o> & >. c 00 <" a 3 c a> > c .5 X r. ^ n ^^ o" }5 a» a i; o > ^ Ix: s ° ^ u i ~io § E 1"^ 0) »- c o Q. ^ en Uj "1 . o c -c o <« u .5 'n. "~" m » ^ ^ c S c^- k: t) …
Wcoklv total of operator. Roliil line for o»ti niatitl work; broken line for time apent ou work not eslimuted. Weekly total for group of operators. Wi-ekly total for department. The portion of the daily upaee tliroucb wliieli no line drawn Rhown hoiv niucli the man has faUeti behind what \ cipwtcd of him. Rc.vsoNS roR K.M.LiNo Behind Abneiit ti -- (".reen operator I -- Lurk of …
V -- W;is the lot smaller than estimate is basiwl on? Wallacf Clark. "The Gantt Chart -- II." Management Engineering. September 1921. A Gantt Man Record Chart SCALE .7 This chart is one type of those identified as Gantt Charts, developed by the organization of the late Henry L. Gantt. REFERENCES Knoeppel, Charles E., Graphic Production Control, McGraw- Hill Book Co., Inc., New …
19*27 '74 *7b '7B '50 *57 'i4 "ib 'id Electronics, October. 1938. Number of Radio Sets and Radio Receiving Tubes Built In the United States from 1922 to 1937 1. The curves in these charts illustrate the plotting of a curve on a grid. 2. The points are plotted on the vertical rulings and a connecting line is drawn through each point. 3. In plotting a curve, there are two …
A Manual of Design and Construction, 1938, prepared by Committee on Standards for Graphic Presentation, under procedure of American Standards Association, with The American Society of Mechanical Engineers as sponsor body. TIME-SERIES LINE CHARTS The "time-series line chart" is the type in which values of a time series are plotted on a coordinate surface ond the points joined …
Where the emphasis should be on the change in amounts rather than on the movement of the series. 3. To emphosize the difference between values or amounts on different dotes. 4. When the movement of the doto is extremely violent or irregular. 5. When the presentation is designed for popular appeal. CURVE CHARTS B«i*d Upon Av*««4« U S. ftic»% •« R»porf sd by tht U. S. Butmu of …
L«tt«r« Abova Ara kwKal* of MeirHu: J for January, F for Fabmary, Etc Chicago Tribune. "The 1938 Chart Book." February 22, 1938. SCALE 8 B. The Cost of the "Market Basket" in the United States During the World War. 1. When the zero line is omitted, this is one method of indicating its absence. It might have been better if the line had been more wavy so that in reduction the …
The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio, "Annual Report to Stockholders," 1037, SCALE .5 A. Yearly Oufpul of Goodyear Pneumatic Tires for Motor Vehicles. 1. The uj.e of an illustration in the upper left corner is effective. 2. The small table at the bottom is read as follows: the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company took 43 months to produce its first fifty million tires …
... - r ■ f. 1^ 1/ in ,-. ,. -;7 „-■ „* ,,r. ■-, .i„ V 7 ,-*■ -.'. ' .: ,r 7 ■,-.--: -- ; , i .\. .», ik^ /r-n : William Playfair. "Tableaux d'Arithmetique Lineaire." Paris, 1780. SCALE .3 B. Expenditures by England for Ordnance From 1720 to 1786. 1. This is one of the first graphic charts. 2. No doubt realizing that the three humps in the chart would raise a question, William …
Ik / \ fS OeOCTlOM XtLO 1 •/H sy »«o-»atiom| \ f [tN, , • u ^^ ,0 DOi .0. >o '> /r '4<MUSTA UIO CLOOVAM H riti-OS C»MI in TO 1 PWOOUCTiOM. ' ~ %c ,000 .ODO . lOfOO ^o.loci j a f\B Rt Lr n / / __ /. / / s ^ >^ f / ^ s kd ^ mI r#- n< s h^ lU r^ -- ' ' i _i _j ' 1900c X 0 7 0 5 0 4 0 5 c in >7 t >S C 55 1 0 1 1 1 2 T 5 1 4 ^ 5 14 17 ' 8 '1 ? 2 0 J 1 '; >2 i »3Z 4 2 5 2 6 '< •7 J …
It is no problem to include a picture similar to the one shown here in a chart. A clipping from a magazine or a newspaper will suffice. See 265B. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION IM* U«0 1*M IMO 1(M ItlO Itla KM III! 1I30 l»M \**a ItO. 000.000 oi«A»ni A(f»n^^ 'rASADOU KOMTI pO. 1 UKD. uo.ooo.ooo Aoopoopn VAI 1 lATinM "aK[^^'^ 7/^Aiuioro AOortiM ^ Ijio. I Ajra<3. ITO.000.000 1 1 I8&7 TO …
/ so. 000,000 / 10.000,000 CAST PAS ADO A 4 PINtJC / / <^ ■^ ^HOIITll rAjAonA AKXn <S '.9M IttS IMO |«06 1>U Kli 1970 192S 1990 19U 1940 Patadcna, California, "Annual Report of the City ManaRrr. 1036-37." SCALE .8 Assessed Valuation of the City of Pasadena Fronn 1887 to 1936. The inclusion of the notations about the annexes aids in reading this chart, since some explanation …
\wire coiled filament gas filled Average cost of lamp 75(t Due to greater manufacturing precision Due to research Ol I I I ' ' ^ ' I I I I I I I I ' J I I I'll -- -- -- -- -- oldr^ccJ CM •* vD ao »0 ro Kl to 0> <J> O o> Product Engineering. October 1938. Part of an Editorial on Public Relations Entitled "Research in America -- the Key to Belter Living " B. The Effect of …
^ oo c ^ 0) u Z. C/3 0) CURVE CHARTS A. Cost of Rubber Per Pound in New York From 1838 to 1937. When data over a long period of time is plotted in curve form, it is usually necessary to allow a great deal of space horizontally, or to condense the years so that a trend only is indicated. This method of breaking a series of years into four parts solves both these difficulties …
In this chart a normal was first decided upon and marked as zero. The departures from this normal, or average, were then plotted above and below the zero line. The deviations below normal are distinguished from those above normal by color. 2^2 GRAPHIC PRESENTATION Abstracts from Time Series Charts. A Manual of Design and Construction, 1938, prepared by Committee on Standards …
It is the convention that positive values are measured upword from the horizontal oxis and to the right of the verticol axis and negative values ore measured downward from the horizonlol axis and to the left of the vertical axis. 4. In o time-series chart the vertical or Y axis measures amount, ond the horizontal or X oxis meosures time. 5. Time values In o time-series chart …
The points of volue con be indicated by means of other grophic forms such os columns or surfoces, but the fundomentol principle is the some. 9. The values on the omount scale should be continuous,- and points on the scale with their corresponding horizontol rulings should reflect the actual intervals on the scale. 10. Time should be regarded os continuous with vertical rulings …
Armistice give meaning to the curve. 2. Note the method of indicating the year, the month, and the day. In this book, an illustration occupying a full page is referred to by page number. When there is more than one illustration on a page, each is identified by a letter of the alphabet. When there is more than one footnote beneath an illustration, each is numbered. Thus the …
•^ a C4 c w^ -- cr> c\j (J) C\J (J) 0) a> C V ._ Id in CsJ 0) 0) 0) : -D m ^ u ~ M- J= u « en j: 1. 0. c a> 3 -z *' w a» D U. H Ill Chapter 34 COMPARISONS WITH TWO CURVES HE types of curve charts covered in this chapter are simple comparisons of two curves, cumulative curves, causal relationships and high-low curves. REFERENCES Arkin, Herbert and Raymond R. Colton, Graphs: How …
When more than one curve is put on a grid, it is necesary to make some differentiation between the curves. A dotted line is one solution. 2. The grid of a chart may be omitted to great advantage in some cases. Since the omission often hinders the reading of the chart, the practice should not be encouraged. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION -- bOO.OOO T soo.ooo ft * 4 00.000 i B soo.ooo A ' …
If this material had been plotted on a grid with one scale, it would have resulted in too large a chatt. When a common grid is thus used for two scales, care should be taken to put the zero of each at a common starting point. 2. Note the lag of the automobile curve as compared with the steel ingot curve. THOUSAND OOUARS High and Low Pric* of a Membership on th* N. Y. Stock …
^ y **. c ** > s .$37,000 "' ^" 61,000^ ,• \< lob J5 '0 'c '0 ■| ■I *l ■| ■I •0 "2 •2 •2 f> '2 % '31 '3 '3 '3< ) Chicago Tribune, "The 1938 Chart Book," February 22, 1938. SCALE .8 B. The Price of Memberships on the New York Stock Exchange from 1900 to 1937. Compare this method of presenting high-low data with 28 SB. COMPARISONS WITH TWO CURVES •30 '35 1920 25 I93e DATA ARE …
This information is also given in B below. Here the emphasis is on the population movements to and from the farms. These two charts illustrate the technique of shading different sections of the same chart for different emphasis. 1 1 1 1 1 LEAVING FARMS FOR CITIES AND VILLAGES NET MOVEMENT TO FARMS U S Department of ARriculture. Bureau of Auriculfural Economics. B. Movement to …
he month for each of the n inches from the first o •hes for the year is given "^ v X^ g: r >J ^ \ I for t colum mn inc \ s \ 1 1 jary, the tota al number of umber of colu \ \l \ \ of Jan the to total n \ \^ •v e end ruary, 7, the \ At th of Feb )cr 193 X"^ '^1 ■\ L « \ nches is zero. At the end nd of Decemt \\ i \ \ C 3 o E Si f \ \ \ of CO on tht rth. At i \ plotted so fo ^ y …
• • • • • • Curv* pottamt Principles 1. The purpose of multiple omounl scoles is to compere the movements of two or more series differing considerably in magnitude. 2. Multiple omount scales can be effectively used for comparing on the same grid two or more series not measured in comporable units (e.g., dollars and tons}. 3. In general, the use of multiple amount scales should …
This procedure, illustrated at the right, will present the curves in their correct relationship. 5. CONTROLLING CURVE MOVEMENT. Scales should be selected which will ovoid undue emphosis of any one curve. iSo selected that the relative movement of the various curves will be comporoble. It is not permissible to enlarge the movement of one curve orbitronly while minimizing the …
Curve patterns should be so selected that the curves can be distinguished readily from each other. 2. In general, the simplest patterns ore most effective and most economical. 3. In selecting curve patterns, it Is well to bear In mind the drafting difficulties and disturbing optical effects of complicated patterns. COMPARISONS WITH TWO CURVES y y m y m itn I9M ■ ,/ /• an /' y …
^ ««* f^ ^ ^^ =^ ^ Irs t^ 1^ m H W l< W»l n\ « n K Ml K r:4 K m H n6M rtTK Jin )«I4 t\ li niM r National Aitociation of Motor Bus Operators. Washington, D. C, "Bus Facts for 1938." SCALE .9 B. Comparison of the Number of Cities Using All-Rail Transportation, Combined Rail and Bus Transportation, and All Bus Transportation in the United States from 1912 to 1937. 1. In this …
T • » '^v-.. j\ Wo \ rid's Visible Supply Miuand Long Tons ^ y V, K, y^ ^ - Standard Statistics Co., 'Standard Trade and Securities." March 4. 1QJ8 A. The Price of Tin Per Pound in the United States from 1 93 I to 1 938. 1. The inverse relationship chart is an especially interesting one. If there is a causal relationship, a rise in one curve may cause a fall in the other. 2 …
ACTIVITY /v %' 1 1 iO \ \ « « L/^ w > v n \ <M <, J^ ^..^ ,. ^^___ __^_ __,_ ^_ ^,_ I9IS ino Dun's Review. February 1<)J') ins )>M SCALE .7 B. Twenty-five Year Comparison of Dun's Insolvency Index and the Cleveland Trust Company Index of Business in the United States. 1. Compare with A above. 2. Obviously the records of insolvency show an increase during periods of lessened …
a to u in j: « _c 'T u > "(5 (0 •-- 0) u •-« r fc c 'm > a f^ c u *^ <Q c -C to c j: r a oo c o •^^ o c c > u a c o T3 m j: '•5 o •a <o u £ a. o b •o u n a re < ^ p< GRAPHIC PRESENTATION sua -- 1 I 1 At OVta SllICT* 1 1 ,. l**1 « k-- » ••im Mm ^ f^ Amt :^ \ ! ' ' ty bT tS:: ^^ SfltCTS oviR St ANDAKM / ^' N, ; ■-. y '^ ( '--. '' r Mwimwn \ ^ t. t \ -~1 r~ ^^ 11j ..it. -Miniawm …
In the process of photostatting, some of the dots were lost, with the result that uniformity of shading was lost. For that reason the chart was redrawn. 1tt4 •« 1* 27 l* •« M 11 •« JJ »« »S St Redrawn from U. S. Farm Credit Administration, Cooperatives Division, "Business Analysis of the Utah Poultry Producers Cooperative Association," E>ec. 1937. SCALE .6 STATE & FEDERAL …
Pogue, "Economics of the Petroleum Industry," March 1939, The Chase National Bank of the City of New York. B. Trend of Average Retail Price of Gasoline in Fifty Representative Cities in the United States by Months, 1919-1938, Showing Incidence of Gasoline Sales Tax. Courtesy of The Texas Company. COMPARISONS WITH CURVES SS4?= ^ il*. i*^ k\ 4JL1 fi- R*^ rv ^ N^ - 'T* -^ jr r / …
When the bars are adjacent to each other as they are in this chart, the similarity between the bar form and the curve form of high-low chart is more pronounced. See 276B. IS18SS!BMBBIiV««a 1 938- -19 3 9- y- \n -- lao 2IS " 0 : 70 INDUSTRIALS mi, ^E?? gffte ws^ 30 RAILROADS & = 53' New York Herald Tnbune. March 13. 1939. SCALE 6 C. Trend of Prices on the New York Stock …
A Comparison of the Percentage of Sales of Five Types of Motor Coaches in the United States from 1929 to 1937. 1. The total of the percentages which the lines represent is one hundred. 2. One way of differentiating a large number of curves plotted on one grid is shown here. 3. It might have been better to connect the labels to the lines with arrows, eliminating the necessity …
the months of a year, by noting the position of JASON in the line, it is easy to determine whether the year begins with January or June. *V CtHT i 1 . ! i :\' ^ . 1 1 \ \^ V, kucavt B*M« oocotMT lun >tj i A ;■..... -'... ^ kNCt «*Tt ^ iSi 19V lii4 «35 •93^ i45? Federal Reserve Bank of New York, "Monthly Review." April 1. 1937 B. Money Rates in the New York Market from 1931 to …
GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ^Arrtiiiiiuiiiuiuiiiiii'iiiuuu ; 1 1 ;i j a 1 9 > II { s J ; ; 1 1 s .1 1 2 s .8 s } ? Iji 11 ! .: 1 Brinton, "Graphic Methods." McGraw-Hill, 1914. SCALE .5 A. Yearly Average of Revenue Tons per Train Mile on the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad. 1. The dotted line in this chart is a progressive average, or an average of all the items shown. 2. The …
A moving average, often used in graphic charts, is obtained in this way: the statistics for a number of years are averaged and the result is plotted at the half-way mark. Thus if the data for the 9 years from 1890 to 1898 had been averaged, the result would be plotted at the year 1895. COMPARISONS WITH CURVES '• E (J o o L. a. >« '<o 0) 0) <0 Id wt- _ O u a, Li ^ 0) > < > o ^ …
Employnnent Service on the Active File from April 1934 to January 1938. 1. Whereas each of these three curves minht have been presented separately, the combination of the tliree presents a picture not otherwise possible. 2. Notice how a solid section in the two lines at the bottom is rcHected in the upper one. 3IE COMPARISONS WITH CURVES FftCSHMEN 1912 1913 19W 1915 1916 1917 …
enrollment of this class in 1917 at the beginning of its senior year had dropped to a little over 2.000. •40 SO so •0 « 4.P I 11 I I I 1 1 - •| MARIETTA, OHIO ■-- - /i \ ■ ^ - 44 U k i -Htj \ r f n \ ' - ,F Js r ^ X ^ w \ r" / I f T . i \ ..If 1' > t Wi, Ji t ^f 40^-^ ^1 i iX i f iHn ff t *1 vun \ jrJ " \ " t^' rM-l. ^ ^ . ^ _ ^ ^ . w . ; • . 7C ^ ^ ij ■ SO M M M 1 M 1 II k ' …
r^-/\/y. . , ''s ^ V . T\ .^-Jrf. 1^ \ : : ^ ■ « fOB TEN TEARS ENDING National RftourcM Committee, "Report of Water Planning Committee, Part III," 1934. SCALE .7 B. Ten-Year Moving Averages of Annual Precipitation for Marietta, Ohio, and St. Paul, Minnesota, from 1 840 to 1931. This chart differs from 288B and 289 in that it is a moving average "for ten years ending" rather …
A, Chart Showing by Months the Average Total Daily Water Consumption In Boston, and by Months the Average Daily Per Capita Water Consunnption. Also the Yearly Average of Daily Consunnption Stated in Total and Per Capita. 1. In this illustration, the curves may be read from either of two different sets of coordinate rulings. Using the horizontal ruled lines, we may read from …
Curve in Neon Lights on a Glass Grid Placed in Front of Three Related Curves Painted on a Wall Surface. 1. Tubular form of the neon light lends itself particularly well to the making of illuminated curve charts without limit in size. Colors are available to give contrast in superimposed curves. Consideration should be given to glare as lights may be too brilliant for easy …
The terms "100% band chart," "percentage chart," and "percentage band chart," designate only those charts in which material is presented qn the basis of 100%. See 297B, 299B. and 300. The terms "surface chart" and "band chart" may be used when referring to either of the two charts shown on page 300. Pfdfral Rfservc Bank of New York. "Monthly Review," July 1. 1037. SCALE .7 A …
Because it probably was desired to emphasize the unemployed, the division of the total supply of workers representing the unemployed was put in black ink. 2. Note that the total supply of workers increases each year, due no doubt to the increase in population COMPONENT PARTS SHOWN BY CURVES U S Department of ARriculturc. Bureau of Agricultural Economics. SCALE 8 Approximate …
"The Federal Chart Book," Prepared by Central Statittical Board and National Resources Committee, January 1938. B. Population in the United States by Size of "Conrimunity" from 1890 to 1930. 1. Each incorporated place is a separate "community." The use of a heavy line to represent the total emphasizes the fact that the lines below it arc merely divisions. 2. See 93 A4 …
Note the position of the label for the "total" line. Dun's Rrview. August 1938 B. Percentage Distribution of Strike Issues in the United States from 1927 to 1937. The 100% band chart is similar in principle to the charts which contain a series of 100% bars. See 102B. GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ^IRCKNT *■ -- „^^ ^^ - - fc. rFi }AD 5T,5 ■^ ■1 ^ ^^^ ^ ^ i. ^ i s^ ^ .^ ^ y ^ ■«> V. ■^ ^ …
A Manual of Design and Construction, 1938, prepared by Committee on Standards for Graphic Presentation, under procedure of American Standards Association, with The American Society of Mechanical Engineers as sponsor body. SURFACE CHARTS CAN OFTEN BE USED SUCCESSFULLY: 1. To add emphojis to a chart which might appear weak as a line chort. 2. To emphosize "omount" as against …
GRIDS As o surface chart is rarely used for the accurate determinotion of values, few horizontal rulings ore necessary. They generally serve merely os bases of comparison. Surface charts ore generally more effective with relatively few vertical rulings. Minor time divisions can, in such coses, be indicated by means of stubs on the horizontal Kole. COMPONENT PARTS SHOWN BY …
SURFACES Surloces should be so shoded os to present a pleasing, even tone. In stroto charts the layers should be so shoded as to be easily distinguished. The weight and spocing of the lines and dots of the shading ore important; both should be determined from a considerotion of the size of the areas to be shoded end amount of reduction intended Proiected surfaces may be …